Biochemical changes and macrophage polarization of a silane-based endodontic irrigant in an animal model

Umer Daood; Muhammad Sharjeel Ilyas; Mariam Ashraf; Munazza Akbar; Ranjeet Ajit Bapat; Abdul Samad Khan; Mallikarjuna Rao Pichika; Abhishek Parolia; Liang Lin Seow; Suan Phaik Khoo; Cynthia Yiu

doi:10.1038/s41598-022-10290-0

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Biochemical changes and macrophage polarization of a silane-based endodontic irrigant in an animal model

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Biochemical changes and macrophage polarization of a silane-based endodontic irrigant in an animal model

Umer Daood, Muhammad Sharjeel Ilyas, Mariam Ashraf, Munazza Akbar, Ranjeet Ajit Bapat, Abdul Samad Khan, Mallikarjuna Rao Pichika, Abhishek Parolia, Liang Lin Seow, Suan Phaik Khoo, …

Scientific reports, Vol.12(1), pp.6354-6354

04/15/2022

DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-10290-0

PMCID: PMC9012771

PMID: 35428859

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Abstract

Silane-based/fully hydrolyzed, endodontic irrigant exhibiting antimicrobial properties, is prepared, and is hypothesized to control macrophage polarization for tissue repair. Albino wistar rats were injected with 0.1 ml root canal irrigant, and bone marrow cells procured. Cellular mitochondria were stained with MitoTracker green along with Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) performed for macrophage extracellular vesicle. Bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) were induced for M1 and M2 polarization and Raman spectroscopy with scratch assay performed. Cell counting was used to measure cytotoxicity, and fluorescence microscopy performed for CD163. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) was used to investigate interaction of irrigants with Enterococcus faecalis. K21 specimens exhibited reduction in epithelium thickness and more mitochondrial mass. EVs showed differences between all groups with decrease and increase in IL-6 and IL-10 respectively. 0.5%k21 enhanced wound healing with more fibroblastic growth inside scratch analysis along with increased inflammation-related genes (ICAM-1, CXCL10, CXCL11, VCAM-1, CCL2, and CXCL8; tissue remodelling-related genes, collagen 1, EGFR and TIMP-2 in q-PCR analysis. Sharp bands at 1643 cm(-1) existed in all with variable intensities. 0.5%k21 had a survival rate of BMSCs comparable to control group. Bacteria treated with 0.5%k21/1%k21, displayed damage. Antimicrobial and reparative efficacy of k21 disinfectant is a proof of concept for enhanced killing of bacteria across root dentin acquiring functional type M2 polarization for ethnopharmacological effects.

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Details

Title: Subtitle: Biochemical changes and macrophage polarization of a silane-based endodontic irrigant in an animal model
Creators: Umer Daood - IMU University
Muhammad Sharjeel Ilyas - Post Graduate Medical Institute
Mariam Ashraf - Post Graduate Medical Institute
Munazza Akbar - Post Graduate Medical Institute
Ranjeet Ajit Bapat - IMU University
Abdul Samad Khan - Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University
Mallikarjuna Rao Pichika - IMU University
Abhishek Parolia - IMU University
Liang Lin Seow - IMU University
Suan Phaik Khoo - IMU University
Cynthia Yiu - University of Hong Kong
Resource Type: Journal article
Publication Details: Scientific reports, Vol.12(1), pp.6354-6354
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-10290-0
PMID: 35428859
PMCID: PMC9012771
NLM abbreviation: Sci Rep
ISSN: 2045-2322
eISSN: 2045-2322
Publisher: NATURE PORTFOLIO
Number of pages: 16
Grant note: 259/2020; FRGS/1/2020/SKK0/IMU/02/10 / International Medical University KHG fiteBac Technology, Marietta, GA, USA
Language: English
Date published: 04/15/2022
Academic Unit: Endodontics
Record Identifier: 9984446427102771

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