Journal article
Biochemical characterization of the catecholaldehyde reactivity of L-carnosine and its therapeutic potential in human myocardium
Amino acids, Vol.51(1), pp.97-102
01/2019
DOI: 10.1007/s00726-018-2647-y
PMCID: PMC6924506
PMID: 30191330
Abstract
Oxidative deamination of norepinephrine (NE) and dopamine (DA) by monoamine oxidase (MAO) generates the catecholaldehydes 3,4-dihydroxyphenylglycolaldehyde (DOPEGAL) and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetaldehyde (DOPAL), respectively, and H
2
O
2
. Catecholaldehydes are highly reactive electrophiles that have been implicated as causal factors in the etiology of neurodegenerative diseases and cardiac injury from ischemia and diabetes. The reactivity of both catechol and aldehyde groups enables the catecholaldehdyes to cross-link proteins and other biological molecules. Carnosine is a β-alanyl-histidine dipeptide found in millimolar concentrations in brain and myocardium.It is well-known to detoxify aldehydes formed from oxidized lipids and sugars, yet the reactivity of carnosine with catecholaldehydes has never been reported. Here we investigated the ability of carnosine to form conjugates with DOPAL and DOPEGAL. Both catecholaldehydes were highly reactive toward L-cysteine (L-Cys), as well as carnosine; however, glutathione (GSH) showed essentially no reactivity towards DOPAL. In contrast, GSH readily reacted with the lipid peroxidation product 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (4HNE), while carnosine showed low reactivity to 4HNE by comparison. To determine whether carnosine mitigates catecholaldehyde toxicity, samples of atrial myocardium were collected from patients undergoing elective cardiac surgery. Using permeabilized myofibers prepared from this tissue, mitochondrial respiration analysis revealed a concentration-dependent decrease in ADP-stimulated respiration with DOPAL. Pre-incubation with carnosine, but not GSH or L-Cys, significantly reduced this effect (p<0.05). Carnosine was also able to block formation of catecholaldehyde protein adducts in isolated human cardiac mitochondria treated with NE. These findings demonstrate the unique reactivity of carnosine toward catecholaldehydes, and therefore suggest a novel and distinct biological role for histidine dipeptides in this detoxification reaction. The therapeutic potential of carnosine in diseases associated with catecholamine-related toxicity is worthy of further examination.
Details
- Title: Subtitle
- Biochemical characterization of the catecholaldehyde reactivity of L-carnosine and its therapeutic potential in human myocardium
- Creators
- Margaret Ann M Nelson - Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, East Carolina University, Greenville, NCZachariah J Builta - Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IAT Blake Monroe - Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IAJonathan A Doorn - Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IAEthan J Anderson - Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Publication Details
- Amino acids, Vol.51(1), pp.97-102
- DOI
- 10.1007/s00726-018-2647-y
- PMID
- 30191330
- PMCID
- PMC6924506
- NLM abbreviation
- Amino Acids
- ISSN
- 0939-4451
- eISSN
- 1438-2199
- Grant note
- DOI: 10.13039/100000049, name: National Institute on Aging, award: R21AG057006, R21AG057006; DOI: 10.13039/100000050, name: National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, award: R01HL122863
- Language
- English
- Date published
- 01/2019
- Academic Unit
- Iowa Neuroscience Institute; Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics; Radiation Oncology; Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center; Medicinal and Natural Products Chemistry; Health, Sport, and Human Physiology
- Record Identifier
- 9984065391702771
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