Journal article
Biomarkers for Components of Dietary Protein and Carbohydrate with Application to Chronic Disease Risk in Postmenopausal Women
The Journal of nutrition, Vol.152(4), pp.1107-1117
04/01/2022
DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxac004
PMCID: PMC8970980
PMID: 35015878
Abstract
We recently developed protein and carbohydrate intake biomarkers using metabolomics profiles in serum and urine, and used them to correct self-reported dietary data for measurement error. Biomarker-calibrated carbohydrate density was inversely associated with chronic disease risk, whereas protein density associations were mixed.
To elucidate and extend this earlier work through biomarker development for protein and carbohydrate components, including animal protein and fiber.
Prospective disease association analyses were undertaken in Women's Health Initiative (WHI) cohorts of postmenopausal US women, aged 50-79 y when enrolled at 40 US clinical centers. Biomarkers were developed using an embedded human feeding study (n = 153). Calibration equations for protein and carbohydrate components were developed using a WHI nutritional biomarker study (n = 436). Calibrated intakes were associated with chronic disease incidence in WHI cohorts (n = 81,954) over a 20-y (median) follow-up period, using HR regression methods.
Previously reported elevations in cardiovascular disease (CVD) with higher-protein diets tended to be explained by animal protein density. For example, for coronary heart disease a 20% increment in animal protein density had an HR of 1.20 (95% CI: 1.02, 1.42) relative to the HR for total protein density. In comparison, cancer and diabetes risk showed little association with animal protein density beyond that attributable to total protein density. Inverse carbohydrate density associations with total CVD were mostly attributable to fiber density, with a 20% increment HR factor of 0.89 (95% CI: 0.83, 0.94). Cancer risk showed little association with fiber density, whereas diabetes risk had a 20% increment HR of 0.93 (95% CI: 0.88, 0.98) relative to the HRs for total carbohydrate density.
In a population of postmenopausal US women, CVD risk was associated with high-animal-protein and low-fiber diets, cancer risk was associated with low-carbohydrate diets, and diabetes risk was associated with low-fiber/low-carbohydrate diets.
Details
- Title: Subtitle
- Biomarkers for Components of Dietary Protein and Carbohydrate with Application to Chronic Disease Risk in Postmenopausal Women
- Creators
- Ross L Prentice - Fred Hutch Cancer CenterMary Pettinger - Fred Hutch Cancer CenterCheng Zheng - University of Nebraska Medical CenterMarian L Neuhouser - Fred Hutch Cancer CenterDaniel Raftery - University of WashingtonG A Nagana Gowda - University of WashingtonYing Huang - Fred Hutch Cancer CenterLesley F Tinker - Fred Hutch Cancer CenterBarbara V Howard - Georgetown University Medical CenterJoAnn E Manson - Brigham and Women's HospitalLinda Van Horn - Northwestern UniversityRobert Wallace - University of IowaYasmin Mossavar-Rahmani - Albert Einstein College of MedicineKaren C Johnson - University of Tennessee Health Science CenterLinda Snetselaar - University of IowaJohanna W Lampe - Fred Hutch Cancer Center
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Publication Details
- The Journal of nutrition, Vol.152(4), pp.1107-1117
- DOI
- 10.1093/jn/nxac004
- PMID
- 35015878
- PMCID
- PMC8970980
- NLM abbreviation
- J Nutr
- ISSN
- 0022-3166
- eISSN
- 1541-6100
- Grant note
- HHSN271201600004I / NIDA NIH HHS P30 DK111022 / NIDDK NIH HHS R01 CA119171 / NCI NIH HHS S10 OD021562 / NIH HHS P30DK035816 / NIDDK NIH HHS P30 CA015704 / NCI NIH HHS P30 DK035816 / NIDDK NIH HHS HHSN268201600046C / U.S. Department of Health and Human Services P30 CA086862 / NCI NIH HHS HHSN271201600004C / NIDA NIH HHS
- Language
- English
- Date published
- 04/01/2022
- Academic Unit
- Epidemiology; Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center; Injury Prevention Research Center; Internal Medicine
- Record Identifier
- 9984364413202771
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