Journal article
Biomechanical analysis of the intact and destabilized sheep cervical spine
Spine (Philadelphia, Pa. 1976), Vol.37(16), pp.E957-E963
07/15/2012
DOI: 10.1097/BRS.0b013e3182512425
PMID: 22391441
Abstract
An in vitro investigation of the biomechanics of the intact and destabilized sheep cervical spine.
To establish the primary and coupled behaviors of the sheep cervical spine, levels C2-C7.
Sheep spine models are often used as a precursor to human cadaveric and clinical trials. Several studies have focused on the sheep anatomy and functional spinal unit biomechanics. However, there has not been a comprehensive study of the multilevel sheep cervical spine.
Adult sheep cervical spines (C2-C7) were tested in flexion-extension, lateral bending, and axial rotation, using a 6-df testing apparatus. Moment-rotation curves were generated to understand the entire loading curve. Functional spinal units were tested at various levels of destabilization by sequentially removing the stabilizing structures (i.e., ligaments, facets).
The range of motion increased with caudal progression. The average total range of motion was approximately 77°, 130°, and 64° for flexion-extension, lateral bending, and axial rotation, respectively. The neutral zone accounted for a large range of motion during flexion-extension (~63%) and lateral bending (~72%). The flexion, extension, and axial rotation motion greatly increased after the removal of the capsular ligaments and facets. The C2-C3 has the largest change in motion during the various stages of destabilization.
The sheep cervical spine is extremely flexible, as seen by the large range of motion and neutral zone. The large neutral zone may account for the coupled motion between axial rotation and lateral bending. The facets and capsular ligaments provide significant stability, especially in axial rotation, flexion, and extension.
Details
- Title: Subtitle
- Biomechanical analysis of the intact and destabilized sheep cervical spine
- Creators
- Nicole A DeVries - Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USAAnup A GandhiDouglas C FredericksNicole M GroslandJoseph D Smucker
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Publication Details
- Spine (Philadelphia, Pa. 1976), Vol.37(16), pp.E957-E963
- DOI
- 10.1097/BRS.0b013e3182512425
- PMID
- 22391441
- NLM abbreviation
- Spine (Phila Pa 1976)
- ISSN
- 0362-2436
- eISSN
- 1528-1159
- Publisher
- Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; United States
- Language
- English
- Date published
- 07/15/2012
- Academic Unit
- Roy J. Carver Department of Biomedical Engineering; Iowa Technology Institute; Orthopedics and Rehabilitation; Craniofacial Anomalies Research Center; Injury Prevention Research Center
- Record Identifier
- 9984040442802771
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