Brain Network Theory Can Predict Whether Neuropsychological Outcomes Will Differ from Clinical Expectations

David E Warren; Natalie L Denburg; Jonathan D Power; Joel Bruss; Eric J Waldron; Haoxin Sun; Steve E Petersen; Daniel Tranel

doi:10.1093/arclin/acw091

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Brain Network Theory Can Predict Whether Neuropsychological Outcomes Will Differ from Clinical Expectations

Journal article

Open access

Peer reviewed

Brain Network Theory Can Predict Whether Neuropsychological Outcomes Will Differ from Clinical Expectations

David E Warren, Natalie L Denburg, Jonathan D Power, Joel Bruss, Eric J Waldron, Haoxin Sun, Steve E Petersen and Daniel Tranel

Archives of clinical neuropsychology, Vol.32(1), pp.40-52

02/2017

DOI: 10.1093/arclin/acw091

PMID: 27789443

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Abstract

Theories of brain-network organization based on neuroimaging data have burgeoned in recent years, but the predictive power of such theories for cognition and behavior has only rarely been examined. Here, predictions from clinical neuropsychologists about the cognitive profiles of patients with focal brain lesions were used to evaluate a brain-network theory (Warren et al., 2014). Neuropsychologists made predictions regarding the neuropsychological profiles of a neurological patient sample (N = 30) based on lesion location. The neuropsychologists then rated the congruence of their predictions with observed neuropsychological outcomes, in regard to the "severity" of neuropsychological deficits and the "focality" of neuropsychological deficits. Based on the network theory, two types of lesion locations were identified: "target" locations (putative hubs in a brain-wide network) and "control" locations (hypothesized to play limited roles in network function). We found that patients with lesions of target locations (N = 19) had deficits of greater than expected severity that were more widespread than expected, whereas patients with lesions of control locations (N = 11) showed milder, circumscribed deficits that were more congruent with expectations. The findings for the target brain locations suggest that prevailing views of brain-behavior relationships may be sharpened and refined by integrating recently proposed network-oriented perspectives.

Neuroimaging

Predictive Value of Tests

Brain - physiopathology

Humans

Middle Aged

Nervous System Diseases - psychology

Male

Neural Pathways - physiology

Neuropsychological Tests

Brain - pathology

Adult

Female

Psychological Theory

Aged

Nervous System Diseases - physiopathology

Nervous System Diseases - pathology

Details

Title: Subtitle: Brain Network Theory Can Predict Whether Neuropsychological Outcomes Will Differ from Clinical Expectations
Creators: David E Warren - Department of Neurology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USA
Natalie L Denburg - Department of Psychology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
Jonathan D Power - Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
Joel Bruss - Department of Neurology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USA
Eric J Waldron - Department of Neurology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USA
Haoxin Sun - Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
Steve E Petersen - Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in Saint Louis, St Louis, MO, USA
Daniel Tranel - Department of Psychology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
Resource Type: Journal article
Publication Details: Archives of clinical neuropsychology, Vol.32(1), pp.40-52
DOI: 10.1093/arclin/acw091
PMID: 27789443
NLM abbreviation: Arch Clin Neuropsychol
ISSN: 0887-6177
eISSN: 1873-5843
Publisher: United States
Language: English
Date published: 02/2017
Academic Unit: Neurology; Psychological and Brain Sciences; Iowa Neuroscience Institute
Record Identifier: 9984002346002771

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