Journal article
CAROTID BODY CHEMORECEPTORS: PHYSIOLOGY, PATHOLOGY, AND IMPLICATIONS FOR HEALTH AND DISEASE
Physiological reviews, Vol.101(3), pp.1177-1235
07/01/2021
DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00039.2019
PMCID: PMC8526340
PMID: 33570461
Abstract
The carotid body (CB) is the main peripheral chemoreceptor for arterial respiratory gases O-2 and CO2 and pH, eliciting reflex ventilatory, cardiovascular, and humoral responses to maintain homeostasis. This review examines the fundamental biology underlying CB chemoreceptor function, its contribution to integrated physiological responses, and its role in maintaining health and potentiating disease. Emphasis is placed on 1) transduction mechanisms in chemoreceptor (type I) cells, highlighting the role played by the hypoxic inhibition of O-2-dependent K+ channels and mitochondrial oxidative metabolism, and their modification by intracellular molecules and other ion channels; 2) synaptic mechanisms linking type I cells and petrosal nerve terminals, focusing on the role played by the main proposed transmitters and modulatory gases, and the participation of glial cells in regulation of the chemosensory process; 3) integrated reflex responses to CB activation, emphasizing that the responses differ dramatically depending on the nature of the physiological, pathological, or environmental challenges, and the interactions of the chemoreceptor reflex with other reflexes in optimizing oxygen delivery to the tissues; and 4) the contribution of enhanced CB chemosensory discharge to autonomic and cardiorespiratory pathophysiology in obstructive sleep apnea, congestive heart failure, resistant hypertension, and metabolic diseases and how modulation of enhanced CB reactivity in disease conditions may attenuate pathophysiology.
Details
- Title: Subtitle
- CAROTID BODY CHEMORECEPTORS: PHYSIOLOGY, PATHOLOGY, AND IMPLICATIONS FOR HEALTH AND DISEASE
- Creators
- Rodrigo Iturriaga - University of MagallanesJulio Alcayaga - University of ChileMark W. Chapleau - University of IowaVirend K. Somers - Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, Minnesota.
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Publication Details
- Physiological reviews, Vol.101(3), pp.1177-1235
- Publisher
- Amer Physiological Soc
- DOI
- 10.1152/physrev.00039.2019
- PMID
- 33570461
- PMCID
- PMC8526340
- ISSN
- 0031-9333
- eISSN
- 1522-1210
- Number of pages
- 59
- Grant note
- P01 HL-14388; HL-65176; HL-134885 / NIH; United States Department of Health & Human Services; National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA 1211443; 1130177 / FONDECYT; Comision Nacional de Investigacion Cientifica y Tecnologica (CONICYT); CONICYT FONDECYT
- Language
- English
- Date published
- 07/01/2021
- Academic Unit
- Molecular Physiology and Biophysics; Cardiovascular Medicine; Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center; Internal Medicine
- Record Identifier
- 9984297505102771
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