Journal article
COVID-19 and influenza vaccine Hesitancy among adults hospitalized in the United States, 2019-2022
Vaccine, Vol.48, 126806
02/2025
DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.126806
PMCID: PMC12229716
PMID: 39884913
Abstract
Understanding similarities and differences between hesitancy for influenza and COVID-19 vaccines could facilitate strategies to improve public receptivity toward vaccination.
We compared hesitancy for COVID-19 vaccines during the first 13 months of availability (January 2021-January 2022) with hesitancy for influenza vaccines in the 15 months prior to COVID-19 vaccine availability (October 2019-December 2020) among adults hospitalized with acute respiratory illness at 21 hospitals in the United States. We interviewed patients regarding vaccination status, willingness to be vaccinated, and perceptions of vaccine safety and efficacy. We used multivariate logistic regression to identify factors associated with vaccine hesitancy.
Among 12,292 patients enrolled during the COVID-19 vaccine period, 5485 (44.6 %) were unvaccinated. Patient characteristics associated with not receiving the COVID-19 vaccine included younger age, female sex, higher BMI, lack of health insurance, absence of chronic comorbid medical conditions, no or rare influenza vaccination in prior years, higher CDC social vulnerability index (SVI), a measure of external stresses that may negatively impact health, living in the Midwest or southern US, lack of college or higher education, and not wearing a mask. Among 983 patients enrolled during the influenza vaccination period, 381(37.8 %) were unvaccinated. Characteristics associated with not receiving the influenza vaccine included no or one chronic comorbid medical condition, no or rare influenza vaccination in prior years, being a current smoker, and higher SVI. Discussion with healthcare providers was a reason for vaccination for 27.7 % (167) for influenza and 8.3 % (564) for COVID-19 and to decline vaccination for 0.5 % Ten great public health achievements-United States (2011) (2) for influenza and 2.2 % (118) for COVID-19.
We found that higher SVI scores and lack of prior influenza vaccination were associated with hesitancy for both COVID-19 and influenza vaccines. There were regional variations in COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and discussions with HCPs significantly influenced acceptance for both vaccines.
Details
- Title: Subtitle
- COVID-19 and influenza vaccine Hesitancy among adults hospitalized in the United States, 2019-2022
- Creators
- Akram Khan - Oregon Health & Science UniversityYuwei Zhu - Vanderbilt University Medical CenterHilary M Babcock - Washington University in St. LouisLaurence W Busse - Emory UniversityAbhijit Duggal - Cleveland ClinicMatthew C Exline - The Ohio State UniversityManjusha Gaglani - Baylor Scott & White HealthKevin W Gibbs - Wake Forest UniversityMichelle N Gong - Albert Einstein College of MedicineAdit A Ginde - University of Colorado DenverDavid N Hager - Johns Hopkins UniversityAluko A Hope - Oregon Health & Science UniversityJessica Hyde - Oregon Health & Science UniversityNicholas J Johnson - University of WashingtonJennie H Kwon - Washington University in St. LouisNicholas M Mohr - University of IowaMary O'Rourke - Hennepin County Medical CenterIthan D Peltan - Intermountain Medical CenterChristopher Mallow - University of MiamiNida Qadir - University of California, Los AngelesRaju Reddy - Oregon Health & Science UniversityBasmah Safdar - Yale UniversityNathan I Shapiro - Beth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterIne Sohn - Vanderbilt University Medical CenterJay S Steingrub - Baystate Medical CenterJennifer G Wilson - Stanford UniversityAdrienne Baughman - Vanderbilt University Medical CenterKelsey N Womack - Vanderbilt University Medical CenterJillian P Rhoads - Vanderbilt University Medical CenterWesley H Self - Vanderbilt University Medical CenterWilliam B Stubblefield - Vanderbilt University Medical CenterInvestigating Respiratory Viruses in the Acutely Ill (IVY) Network
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Publication Details
- Vaccine, Vol.48, 126806
- DOI
- 10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.126806
- PMID
- 39884913
- PMCID
- PMC12229716
- NLM abbreviation
- Vaccine
- ISSN
- 1873-2518
- eISSN
- 1873-2518
- Publisher
- ELSEVIER SCI LTD
- Grant note
- United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: 75D30119C05670, 75D30120C07637, 75D30120F00002, 75D30122C12914
Primary funding for this work was provided by the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (contracts 75D30119C05670, 75D30120C07637, 75D30120F00002, and 75D30122C12914) .
- Language
- English
- Electronic publication date
- 01/29/2025
- Date published
- 02/2025
- Academic Unit
- Epidemiology; Emergency Medicine; Anesthesia; Injury Prevention Research Center
- Record Identifier
- 9984781270702771
Metrics
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