Journal article
Cardiovascular Disease and Cognitive Decline in Postmenopausal Women: Results From the Women's Health Initiative Memory Study
Journal of the American Heart Association, Vol.2(6), pp.e000369-n/a
12/01/2013
DOI: 10.1161/JAHA.113.000369
PMCID: PMC3886762
PMID: 24351701
Abstract
Background-Data on cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and cognitive decline are conflicting. Our objective was to investigate if CVD is associated with an increased risk for cognitive decline and to examine whether hypertension, diabetes, or adiposity modify the effect of CVD on cognitive functioning.
Methods and Results-Prospective follow-up of 6455 cognitively intact, postmenopausal women aged 65 to 79 years old enrolled in the Women's Health Initiative Memory Study (WHIMS). CVD was determined by self-report. For cognitive decline, we assessed the incidence of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or probable dementia (PD) via modified mini-mental state examination (3 MS) score, neurocognitive, and neuropsychiatric examinations. The median follow-up was 8.4 years. Women with CVD tended to be at increased risk for cognitive decline compared with those free of CVD (hazard ratio [HR], 1.29; 95% CI: 1.00, 1.67). Women with myocardial infarction or other vascular disease were at highest risk (HR, 2.10; 95% CI: 1.40, 3.15 or HR, 1.97; 95% CI: 1.34, 2.87). Angina pectoris was moderately associated with cognitive decline (HR 1.45; 95% CI: 1.05, 2.01) whereas no significant relationships were found for atrial fibrillation or heart failure. Hypertension and diabetes increased the risk for cognitive decline in women without CVD. Diabetes tended to elevate the risk for MCI/PD in women with CVD. No significant trend was seen for adiposity.
Conclusions-CVD is associated with cognitive decline in elderly postmenopausal women. Hypertension and diabetes, but not adiposity, are associated with a higher risk for cognitive decline. More research is warranted on the potential of CVD prevention for preserving cognitive functioning.
Details
- Title: Subtitle
- Cardiovascular Disease and Cognitive Decline in Postmenopausal Women: Results From the Women's Health Initiative Memory Study
- Creators
- Bernhard Haring - University of WürzburgXiaoyan Leng - Wake Forest UniversityJennifer Robinson - University of IowaKaren C. Johnson - University of Tennessee Health Science CenterRebecca D. Jackson - The Ohio State UniversityRebecca Beyth - North Florida/South Georgia Veterans Health SystemJean Wactawski-Wende - University at Buffalo, State University of New YorkMoritz Wyler von Ballmoos - Froedtert HospitalJoseph S. Goveas - Institute for Behavioral MedicineLewis H. Kuller - University of PittsburghSylvia Wassertheil-Smoller - Albert Einstein College of Medicine
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Publication Details
- Journal of the American Heart Association, Vol.2(6), pp.e000369-n/a
- Publisher
- Wiley
- DOI
- 10.1161/JAHA.113.000369
- PMID
- 24351701
- PMCID
- PMC3886762
- ISSN
- 2047-9980
- eISSN
- 2047-9980
- Number of pages
- 12
- Grant note
- University of Wuerzburg UL1TR000055 / NATIONAL CENTER FOR ADVANCING TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCES; United States Department of Health & Human Services; National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; NIH National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS) German Research Foundation (DFG) P30AG021332 / NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON AGING; United States Department of Health & Human Services; National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; NIH National Institute on Aging (NIA) HHSN268201100046C; HHSN268201100001C; HHSN268 201100002C; HHSN268201100003C; HHSN268201100004C; HHSN271201100004C / National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; United States Department of Health & Human Services; National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; NIH National Heart Lung & Blood Institute (NHLBI)
- Language
- English
- Date published
- 12/01/2013
- Academic Unit
- Epidemiology; Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center
- Record Identifier
- 9984364428002771
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