Cellular Localization of Dieldrin and Structure–Activity Relationship of Dieldrin Analogues in Dopaminergic Cells

Erin M. G Allen; Virginia R Florang; Laurie L Davenport; Yunden Jinsmaa; Jonathan A Doorn

doi:10.1021/tx300458b

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Cellular Localization of Dieldrin and Structure–Activity Relationship of Dieldrin Analogues in Dopaminergic Cells

Journal article

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Cellular Localization of Dieldrin and Structure–Activity Relationship of Dieldrin Analogues in Dopaminergic Cells

Erin M. G Allen, Virginia R Florang, Laurie L Davenport, Yunden Jinsmaa and Jonathan A Doorn

Chemical research in toxicology, Vol.26(7), pp.1043-1054

07/15/2013

DOI: 10.1021/tx300458b

PMCID: PMC4327868

PMID: 23763672

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Abstract

The incidence of Parkinson's disease (PD) correlates with environmental exposure to pesticides, such as the organochlorine insecticide, dieldrin. Previous studies found an increased concentration of the pesticide in the striatal region of the brains of PD patients and also that dieldrin adversely affects cellular processes associated with PD. These processes include mitochondrial function and reactive oxygen species production. However, the mechanism and specific cellular targets responsible for dieldrin-mediated cellular dysfunction and the structural components of dieldrin contributing to its toxicity (toxicophore) have not been fully defined. In order to identify the toxicophore of dieldrin, a structure-activity approach was used, with the toxicity profiles of numerous analogues of dieldrin (including aldrin, endrin, and cis-aldrin diol) assessed in PC6-3 cells. The MTT and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assays were used to monitor cell viability and membrane permeability after treatment with each compound. Cellular assays monitoring ROS production and extracellular dopamine metabolite levels were also used. Structure and stereochemistry for dieldrin were found to be very important for toxicity and other end points measured. Small changes in structure for dieldrin (e.g., comparison to the stereoisomer endrin) yielded significant differences in toxicity. Interestingly, the cis-diol metabolite of dieldrin was found to be significantly more toxic than the parent compound. Disruption of dopamine catabolism yielded elevated levels of the neurotoxin, 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetaldehyde, for many organochlorines. Comparisons of the toxicity profiles for each dieldrin analogue indicated a structure-specific effect important for elucidating the mechanisms of dieldrin neurotoxicity.

Details

Title: Subtitle: Cellular Localization of Dieldrin and Structure–Activity Relationship of Dieldrin Analogues in Dopaminergic Cells
Creators: Erin M. G Allen - Division of Medicinal and Natural Products Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
Virginia R Florang - Division of Medicinal and Natural Products Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
Laurie L Davenport - Division of Medicinal and Natural Products Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
Yunden Jinsmaa - Division of Medicinal and Natural Products Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
Jonathan A Doorn - Division of Medicinal and Natural Products Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
Resource Type: Journal article
Publication Details: Chemical research in toxicology, Vol.26(7), pp.1043-1054
DOI: 10.1021/tx300458b
PMID: 23763672
PMCID: PMC4327868
NLM abbreviation: Chem Res Toxicol
ISSN: 0893-228X
eISSN: 1520-5010
Language: English
Date published: 07/15/2013
Academic Unit: Iowa Neuroscience Institute; Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics; Medicinal and Natural Products Chemistry
Record Identifier: 9984070377202771

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