Journal article
Change in Micronutrient Intake among People with Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis Adapting the Swank and Wahls Diets: An Analysis of Weighed Food Records
Nutrients, Vol.13(3507), p.3507
10/01/2021
DOI: 10.3390/nu13103507
PMCID: PMC8540533
PMID: 34684508
Abstract
The low-saturated fat (Swank) and modified Paleolithic elimination (Wahls) diets have shown promise for MS symptoms; however, due to their restriction of specific foods, inadequate intake of micronutrients is concerning. Therefore, as part of a randomized trial, weighed food records were collected on three consecutive days and were used to evaluate the intake of micronutrients among people with relapsing remitting MS adapting these diets. After randomization to either the Swank or Wahls diets, diet education and support was provided by registered dietitians at baseline and throughout the first 12 weeks of the intervention. Usual intake of each micronutrient was estimated and then evaluated with the EAR-cut point method. At 12 weeks, the Swank group had significant reductions in the proportion with inadequate intake from food for vitamins C, D, and E, while the Wahls group had significant reductions for magnesium and vitamins A, C, D, and E. However, the proportion with inadequate intake significantly increased for calcium, thiamin, and vitamin B12 in the Wahls group and for vitamin A in the Swank group. Inclusion of intake from supplements reduced the proportion with inadequate intake for all micronutrients except calcium among the Wahls group but increased the proportion with excessive intake for vitamin D and niacin among both groups and magnesium among the Swank group. Both diets, especially when including intake from supplements, are associated with reduced inadequate intake compared to the normal diet of people with relapsing remitting MS.
Details
- Title: Subtitle
- Change in Micronutrient Intake among People with Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis Adapting the Swank and Wahls Diets: An Analysis of Weighed Food Records
- Creators
- Tyler J. Titcomb - Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USALisa Brooks - Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USAKaren L. Smith - Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USAPatrick Ten Eyck - Institute for Clinical and Translational Science, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USALinda M. Rubenstein - Department of Epidemiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USATerry L. Wahls - Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USALinda G. Snetselaar - Department of Epidemiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Publication Details
- Nutrients, Vol.13(3507), p.3507
- DOI
- 10.3390/nu13103507
- PMID
- 34684508
- PMCID
- PMC8540533
- NLM abbreviation
- Nutrients
- ISSN
- 2072-6643
- eISSN
- 2072-6643
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Grant note
- DOI: 10.13039/100000890, name: National Multiple Sclerosis Society, award: RG-1506-04312; DOI: 10.13039/100000002, name: National Institutes of Health, award: UL1TR002537; DOI: 10.13039/100000062, name: National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, award: T32DK112751-01
- Language
- English
- Date published
- 10/01/2021
- Academic Unit
- Neurology; Epidemiology; Biostatistics; Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center; General Internal Medicine; Internal Medicine
- Record Identifier
- 9984215144302771
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