Journal article
Changes in alcohol and cigarette consumption in response to medical and recreational cannabis legalization: Evidence from U.S. state tax receipt data
The International journal of drug policy, Vol.75, pp.102585-102585
01/01/2020
DOI: 10.1016/j.drugpo.2019.10.011
PMCID: PMC6957726
PMID: 31739147
Abstract
Whether medical or recreational cannabis legalization impacts alcohol or cigarette consumption is a key question as cannabis policy evolves, given the adverse health effects of these substances. Relatively little research has examined this question. The objective of this study was to examine whether medical or recreational cannabis legalization was associated with any change in state-level per capita alcohol or cigarette consumption.
Dependent variables included per capita consumption of alcohol and cigarettes from all 50 U.S. states, estimated from state tax receipts and maintained by the Centers for Disease Control and National Institute for Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, respectively. Independent variables included indicators for medical and recreational legalization policies. Three different types of indicators were separately used to model medical cannabis policies. Indicators for the primary model were based on the presence of active medical cannabis dispensaries. Secondary models used indicators based on either the presence of a more liberal medical cannabis policy (“non-medicalized”) or the presence of any medical cannabis policy. Difference-in-difference regression models were applied to estimate associations for each type of policy.
Primary models found no statistically significant associations between medical or recreational cannabis legalization policies and either alcohol or cigarette sales per capita. In a secondary model, both medical and recreational policies were associated with significantly decreased per capita cigarette sales compared to states with no medical cannabis policy. However, post hoc analyses demonstrated that these reductions were apparent at least two years prior to policy adoption, indicating that they likely result from other time-varying characteristics of legalization states, rather than cannabis policy.
We found no evidence of a causal association between medical or recreational cannabis legalization and changes in either alcohol or cigarette sales per capita.
Details
- Title: Subtitle
- Changes in alcohol and cigarette consumption in response to medical and recreational cannabis legalization: Evidence from U.S. state tax receipt data
- Creators
- Sirish Veligati - Washington University in St. LouisSeth Howdeshell - Washington University in St. LouisSara Beeler-Stinn - Master of Population Health Sciences Program, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USADeepak Lingam - Washington University in St. LouisPhylicia C. Allen - Washington University in St. LouisLi-Shiun Chen - Washington University in St. LouisRichard A. Grucza - Washington University in St. Louis
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Publication Details
- The International journal of drug policy, Vol.75, pp.102585-102585
- DOI
- 10.1016/j.drugpo.2019.10.011
- PMID
- 31739147
- PMCID
- PMC6957726
- NLM abbreviation
- Int J Drug Policy
- ISSN
- 0955-3959
- eISSN
- 1873-4758
- Publisher
- Elsevier B.V
- Language
- English
- Date published
- 01/01/2020
- Academic Unit
- Psychiatry
- Record Identifier
- 9984738103202771
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