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Characterization of sound enamel and natural white spot lesions
Journal article   Open access   Peer reviewed

Characterization of sound enamel and natural white spot lesions

Erika Michele Dos Santos Araujo, Cristina De Mattos Pimenta Vidal, Anderson Zanardi de Freitas, Niklaus Ursus Wetter and Adriana Bona Matos
Brazilian dental science, Vol.25(4), p.e3488
2022
DOI: 10.4322/bds.2022.e3488
url
https://doi.org/10.4322/bds.2022.e3488View
Published (Version of record) Open Access

Abstract

Objective: To compare optical, morphological, chemical, and physical aspects of the sound enamel and white spot lesions (WSL) classified as ICDAS 2. Material and Methods: Seventeen human molars with one surface presenting WSL and a sound surface (2 x 2 mm window) were characterized by Quantitative light-induced fluorescence (QLF®), Optical coherence tomography (OCT), microhardness, and Raman spectroscopy. The ANOVA and Tukey’s test were used at 5% significance level. Results: The QLF comparison between distinct substrates yielded decreased ∆Q (integrated fluorescence loss) of-15,37%mm2 and-11,68% ∆F (fluorescence loss) for WSL. The OCT detected mean lesion depth of 174,43 µm. ANOVA could not detect differences in the optical attenuation coefficient between the substrates (p>0.05). Lower microhardness measures were observed in WSL than on sound enamel (p<0.05). The Raman spectra showed four vibrational phosphate bands (v1, v2, v3, v4), where the highest peak was at 960.3 cm-1 (v1) for both substrates. However, a 40% decrease in phosphate (v1) was detected in WSL. The peak at 1071 cm-1 was higher for sound enamel, indicating the presence of a phosphate band instead of the B-type carbonate. The spectra showed higher intensity of the organic composition at 1295 cm-1 and 1450 cm-1 for WSL. Conclusion: Non-invasive QLF, OCT and Raman spectroscopy were able to distinguish differences in fluorescence, optical properties, and organic/inorganic components, respectively, between sound enamel and WSL, validated by the destructive microhardness analysis.

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