Journal article
Cloverleaf test (modified Hodge test) for detecting carbapenemase production in Klebsiella pneumoniae: be aware of false positive results
Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy, Vol.65(2), pp.249-251
02/2010
DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkp431
PMID: 19996141
Abstract
Objectives The aim of this study was to evaluate the presence of carbapenemases in a Klebsiella pneumoniae collection and the performance of the modified Hodge test (MHT) to correctly identify this phenotype. Methods Twenty-eight K. pneumoniae clinical isolates with reduced susceptibility to carbapenems were evaluated. Antimicrobial susceptibility and molecular typing were performed by agar dilution and PFGE, respectively. The MHT was performed using both standard and high inoculum of test organisms. Imipenem hydrolysis was investigated by spectrophotometric assays and carbapenemase-encoding genes were identified by PCR and amplicon sequencing. Porin loss was investigated by both PCR and SDS–PAGE. Results Susceptibility rates for imipenem, meropenem and ertapenem were 93%, 57% and 11%, respectively. The PFGE analysis showed seven unrelated genotypes. By testing standard inoculum and ertapenem or meropenem discs, 25% (n = 7) and 21% (n = 6) of the isolates were classified as carbapenemase producers, respectively. When a higher inoculum was employed, these rates increased to 54% (n = 15) and 43% (n = 12), respectively. No imipenem hydrolysis was detected. PCRs identified blaCTX-M in 27 (96%) isolates, of which 2 isolates also carried blaGES-1. SDS–PAGE and PCR assays revealed that all isolates had lost at least one outer membrane protein, except for a single isolate that was found to express both OmpK35 and OmpK36. Conclusions False detection of carbapenemase production was observed by the MHT possibly as a result of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) production coupled with porin loss as reported before. Clinical laboratories must be aware of this fact, especially in geographical areas where ESBL-producing isolates are highly prevalent.
Details
- Title: Subtitle
- Cloverleaf test (modified Hodge test) for detecting carbapenemase production in Klebsiella pneumoniae: be aware of false positive results
- Creators
- Cecilia G Carvalhaes - Universidade Federal de São PauloRenata C Picão - Universidade Federal de São PauloAdriana G Nicoletti - Universidade Federal de São PauloDanilo E Xavier - Universidade Federal de São PauloAna C Gales - Universidade Federal de São Paulo
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Publication Details
- Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy, Vol.65(2), pp.249-251
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press
- DOI
- 10.1093/jac/dkp431
- PMID
- 19996141
- ISSN
- 0305-7453
- eISSN
- 1460-2091
- Language
- English
- Date published
- 02/2010
- Academic Unit
- Pathology
- Record Identifier
- 9984185280402771
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