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Combining brain perturbation and neuroimaging in non-human primates
Journal article   Open access   Peer reviewed

Combining brain perturbation and neuroimaging in non-human primates

P. Christiaan Klink, Jean-François Aubry, Vincent P Ferrera, Andrew S Fox, Sean Froudist-Walsh, Béchir Jarraya, Elisa E Konofagou, Richard J Krauzlis, Adam Messinger, Anna S Mitchell, …
NeuroImage (Orlando, Fla.), Vol.235, pp.118017-118017
07/15/2021
DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2021.118017
PMID: 33794355
url
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2021.118017View
Published (Version of record) Open Access

Abstract

•Combined brain perturbation and neuroimaging can reveal causal brain mechanisms.•Overview of perturbation methods used with non-human primate neuroimaging.•Methodological considerations of the different techniques are discussed.•Translational potential and future directions are laid out and critically assessed. Brain perturbation studies allow detailed causal inferences of behavioral and neural processes. Because the combination of brain perturbation methods and neural measurement techniques is inherently challenging, research in humans has predominantly focused on non-invasive, indirect brain perturbations, or neurological lesion studies. Non-human primates have been indispensable as a neurobiological system that is highly similar to humans while simultaneously being more experimentally tractable, allowing visualization of the functional and structural impact of systematic brain perturbation. This review considers the state of the art in non-human primate brain perturbation with a focus on approaches that can be combined with neuroimaging. We consider both non-reversible (lesions) and reversible or temporary perturbations such as electrical, pharmacological, optical, optogenetic, chemogenetic, pathway-selective, and ultrasound based interference methods. Method-specific considerations from the research and development community are offered to facilitate research in this field and support further innovations. We conclude by identifying novel avenues for further research and innovation and by highlighting the clinical translational potential of the methods.
fMRI Infrared Chemogenetics Primates Optogenetics Lesion Microstimulation Causality Ultrasound

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