Journal article
Comparative Effectiveness of Moderna, Pfizer-BioNTech, and Janssen (Johnson & Johnson) Vaccines in Preventing COVID-19 Hospitalizations Among Adults Without Immunocompromising Conditions — United States, March–August 2021
MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report, Vol.70(38), pp.1337-1343
09/24/2021
DOI: 10.15585/MMWR.MM7038E1
PMCID: PMC8459899
PMID: 34555004
Abstract
Three COVID-19 vaccines are authorized or approved for use among adults in the United States (1,2). Two 2-dose mRNA vaccines, mRNA-1273 from Moderna and BNT162b2 from Pfizer-BioNTech, received Emergency Use Authorization (EUA) by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in December 2020 for persons aged ≥18 years and aged ≥16 years, respectively. A 1-dose viral vector vaccine (Ad26.COV2 from Janssen [Johnson & Johnson]) received EUA in February 2021 for persons aged ≥18 years (3). The Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine received FDA approval for persons aged ≥16 years on August 23, 2021 (4). Current guidelines from FDA and CDC recommend vaccination of eligible persons with one of these three products, without preference for any specific vaccine (4,5). To assess vaccine effectiveness (VE) of these three products in preventing COVID-19 hospitalization, CDC and collaborators conducted a case-control analysis among 3,689 adults aged ≥18 years who were hospitalized at 21 U.S. hospitals across 18 states during March 11-August 15, 2021. An additional analysis compared serum antibody levels (anti-spike immunoglobulin G [IgG] and anti-receptor binding domain [RBD] IgG) to SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, among 100 healthy volunteers enrolled at three hospitals 2-6 weeks after full vaccination with the Moderna, Pfizer-BioNTech, or Janssen COVID-19 vaccine. Patients with immunocompromising conditions were excluded. VE against COVID-19 hospitalizations was higher for the Moderna vaccine (93%; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 91%-95%) than for the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine (88%; 95% CI = 85%-91%) (p = 0.011); VE for both mRNA vaccines was higher than that for the Janssen vaccine (71%; 95% CI = 56%-81%) (all p<0.001). Protection for the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine declined 4 months after vaccination. Postvaccination anti-spike IgG and anti-RBD IgG levels were significantly lower in persons vaccinated with the Janssen vaccine than the Moderna or Pfizer-BioNTech vaccines. Although these real-world data suggest some variation in levels of protection by vaccine, all FDA-approved or authorized COVID-19 vaccines provide substantial protection against COVID-19 hospitalization.
Details
- Title: Subtitle
- Comparative Effectiveness of Moderna, Pfizer-BioNTech, and Janssen (Johnson & Johnson) Vaccines in Preventing COVID-19 Hospitalizations Among Adults Without Immunocompromising Conditions — United States, March–August 2021
- Creators
- Wesley H. Self - Vanderbilt UniversityMark W. Tenforde - Centers for Disease Control and PreventionJillian P. Rhoads - Vanderbilt UniversityManjusha Gaglani - Texas A&M UniversityAdit A. Ginde - University of Colorado DenverDavid J. Douin - University of Colorado DenverSamantha M. Olson - Centers for Disease Control and PreventionH Keipp Talbot - Vanderbilt UniversityJonathan D. Casey - Vanderbilt UniversityNicholas M. Mohr - University of IowaAnne Zepeski - University of IowaTresa McNeal - Texas A&M UniversityShekhar Ghamande - Texas A&M UniversityKevin W. Gibbs - Wake Forest UniversityD. Clark Files - Wake Forest UniversityDavid N. Hager - Johns Hopkins UniversityArber Shchu - Johns Hopkins UniversityMatthew E. Prekker - Hennepin County Medical CenterHeidi L. Erickson - Hennepin County Medical CenterMichelle N. Gong - Yeshiva UniversityAmira Mohamed - Yeshiva UniversityDaniel J. Henning - University of WashingtonJay S. Steingrub - Tufts UniversityIthan D. Peltan - University of UtahCaitlin C. ten Lohuis - Emory UniversityAbhijit Duggal - Cleveland ClinicJennifer G. Wilson - Stanford UniversityAlexandra June Gordon - Stanford UniversityNida Qadir - University of California, Los AngelesSteven Y. Chang - University of California, Los AngelesChristopher Mallow - University of MiamiCarolina Rivas - University of MiamiHilary M. Babcock - Washington University in St. LouisJennie H. Kwon - Washington University in St. LouisMatthew C. Exline - The Ohio State UniversityNatasha Halasa - Vanderbilt UniversityJames D. Chappell - Vanderbilt UniversityAdam S. Lauring - University of MichiganCarlos G. Grijalva - Vanderbilt UniversityTodd W. Rice - Vanderbilt UniversityIan D. Jones - Vanderbilt UniversityWilliam B. Stubblefield - Vanderbilt UniversityAdrienne Baughman - Vanderbilt UniversityKelsey N. Womack - Vanderbilt UniversityChristopher J. Lindsell - Vanderbilt UniversityKimberly W. Hart - Vanderbilt UniversityYuwei Zhu - Vanderbilt UniversityLisa Mills - Centers for Disease Control and PreventionSandra N. Lester - Centers for Disease Control and PreventionMegan M. Stumpf - Centers for Disease Control and PreventionEric A. Naioti - Centers for Disease Control and PreventionMiwako Kobayashi - Centers for Disease Control and PreventionJennifer R. Verani - Centers for Disease Control and PreventionNatalie J. Thornburg - Centers for Disease Control and PreventionManish M. Patel - Centers for Disease Control and PreventionSamuel M. Brown - University of UtahEmily T. Martin - University of MichiganArnold S. Monto - University of MichiganAkram Khan - Oregon Health & Science UniversityCatherine L. Hough - Oregon Health & Science UniversityLaurence W. Busse - Emory UniversityIVY Network
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Publication Details
- MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report, Vol.70(38), pp.1337-1343
- DOI
- 10.15585/MMWR.MM7038E1
- PMID
- 34555004
- PMCID
- PMC8459899
- NLM abbreviation
- MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep
- ISSN
- 0149-2195
- eISSN
- 1545-861X
- Publisher
- Centers Disease Control & Prevention
- Number of pages
- 7
- Grant note
- Janssen Pharmaceuticals; Johnson & Johnson; Johnson & Johnson USA; Janssen Biotech Inc Campbell Alliance/Syneos Health LLC United Therapeutics New York University for service on a DSMB Abbott Labs; Abbott Laboratories Lung LLC Reata Pharmaceuticals Aerpio Pharmaceuticals AbbVie Endpoint LLC Entegrion, Inc DoD; United States Department of Defense Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ); United States Department of Health & Human Services; Agency for Healthcare Research & Quality Avisa Pharma; Dexcel Pharma N23HL153584 / National Institutes of Health (NIH); United States Department of Health & Human Services; National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA Cumberland Pharmaceuticals, Inc Sanofi EMPACT Precision Medicine bioMerieux Oxford University and Brigham Young University Faron Faron Pharmaceuticals Merck; Merck & Company Department of Defense (DoD); United States Department of Defense AHRQ; United States Department of Health & Human Services; Agency for Healthcare Research & Quality Incyte Corporation institutional fees from Asahi Kasei Pharma Quidel 4D Medical Johnson Johnson; Johnson & Johnson; Johnson & Johnson USA Food and Drug Administration; United States Department of Health & Human Services Marcus Foundation Sedana National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences; United States Department of Health & Human Services; National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; NIH National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS)
- Language
- English
- Date published
- 09/24/2021
- Academic Unit
- Epidemiology; Emergency Medicine; Anesthesia; Injury Prevention Research Center
- Record Identifier
- 9984295925602771
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