Journal article
Comparison of ELISA and IFAT for Leishmania infantum by European and Middle Eastern diagnostic laboratories
Parasites & vectors, Vol.17(1), p.545
12/29/2024
DOI: 10.1186/s13071-024-06631-9
PMCID: PMC11684067
PMID: 39734221
Abstract
Visceral leishmaniosis (VL) is the most severe form of human leishmaniosis, with an estimated 95% case fatality if left untreated. Dogs act as peridomestic reservoir hosts for the protozoan parasite Leishmania infantum, a causative agent for human leishmaniosis, endemic throughout the Mediterranean basin. To assure consistent and accurate surveillance of canine infection and prevent transmission to people, consistent diagnosis of canine L. infantum infection across this region is essential for protecting both human and animal health. Our goal was to compare the accuracy, sensitivity and specificity of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) and immunofluorescence antibody tests (IFAT), performed at seven academic veterinary diagnostic centres across southern Europe and Israel.
We performed a known sample "ring" trial to compare L. infantum quantitative serological tests. Two hundred seventy-two (n = 272) canine serum samples of known serological status were chosen from these sites, representative of the region. In-house or commercial ELISA and IFAT were performed according to each laboratory's specifications. Latent Class Analysis (LCA) was used to determine sensitivity and specificity of each test. True and false positives were calculated to determine the probability of identifying samples.
Sensitivity and specificity for ELISA ranged from 95 to 99% and 92% to 97%, respectively, with moderate variability from one site. Sensitivity and specificity for IFAT ranged from 89 to 99% and 83% to 94%, respectively, with increased variability compared to ELISA. Overall test agreement was 78% with a pair-wise agreement between 65 and 89%.
All sites demonstrated substantial comparative diagnostic accuracy, with good agreement based on known seropositive and seronegative samples. Studies and interventional trials that use these tests will remain valid because of high diagnostic agreement between sites.
Details
- Title: Subtitle
- Comparison of ELISA and IFAT for Leishmania infantum by European and Middle Eastern diagnostic laboratories
- Creators
- Kurayi G Mahachi - University of IowaMarie Ozanne - Mount Holyoke CollegePatrick Bourdeau - Universidad Complutense de MadridJuliana Sarquis - Universidad Complutense de MadridEric Kontowicz - University of IowaLaia Solano-Gallego - Universidad Complutense de MadridLuis Cardoso - Universidad Complutense de MadridGaetano Oliva - University of Naples Federico IIGad Baneth - Universidad Complutense de MadridMaria Grazia Pennisi - Universidad Complutense de MadridAngela M Toepp - Eastern Virginia Medical SchoolGuadalupe Miró - Universidad Complutense de MadridMargaret Carrel - University of Iowa, Iowa Global Health NetworkChristine A Petersen - University of Iowa
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Publication Details
- Parasites & vectors, Vol.17(1), p.545
- DOI
- 10.1186/s13071-024-06631-9
- PMID
- 39734221
- PMCID
- PMC11684067
- NLM abbreviation
- Parasit Vectors
- ISSN
- 1756-3305
- eISSN
- 1756-3305
- Publisher
- BMC
- Grant note
- LeishVet
Funding was provided through LeishVet and its sponsors. The sponsors had no role in the creation, design, analysis or writing of the study.
- Language
- English
- Date published
- 12/29/2024
- Academic Unit
- Epidemiology; Emergency Medicine; Biostatistics; Geographical and Sustainability Sciences; Internal Medicine
- Record Identifier
- 9984769623502771
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