Journal article
Comparison of outcomes by race among a population-based matched sample of multiple myeloma patients
Cancer causes & control, Vol.36(4), pp.433-442
04/2025
DOI: 10.1007/s10552-024-01938-5
PMID: 39586915
Abstract
It is important to understand racial inequities in multiple myeloma treatment and survival, particularly in the Midwest where clear differences exist in cancer incidence and mortality. Since age and geographic location can greatly impact treatment and prognosis, matching patients on these characteristics can help identify reasons for outcome differences.PURPOSEIt is important to understand racial inequities in multiple myeloma treatment and survival, particularly in the Midwest where clear differences exist in cancer incidence and mortality. Since age and geographic location can greatly impact treatment and prognosis, matching patients on these characteristics can help identify reasons for outcome differences.Retrospective data from the Iowa Cancer Registry's Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database were analyzed for adult patients diagnosed with first primary MM between 1/1/2010-12/31/2019. Matching procedures matched up to 4 White patients with each Black patient on age and city of residence. Demographic characteristics were compared, and Cox proportional hazards models were built to compare survival.METHODSRetrospective data from the Iowa Cancer Registry's Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database were analyzed for adult patients diagnosed with first primary MM between 1/1/2010-12/31/2019. Matching procedures matched up to 4 White patients with each Black patient on age and city of residence. Demographic characteristics were compared, and Cox proportional hazards models were built to compare survival.There were 1,845 patients in our overall sample, of which 85 were Black and 1,760 were White. There were 321 patients (74 Black, 247 White) that were matched. Black patients in the overall sample had decreased hazard for MM-specific death compared to White (HR = 0.50, 95% CI (0.43, 0.78)) when controlling for covariates. The decrease in MM-specific death in black patients was not statistically significant compared to matched controls (HR = 0.72, 95% CI (0.41, 1.27)). Treatment differences were not observed for either sample.RESULTSThere were 1,845 patients in our overall sample, of which 85 were Black and 1,760 were White. There were 321 patients (74 Black, 247 White) that were matched. Black patients in the overall sample had decreased hazard for MM-specific death compared to White (HR = 0.50, 95% CI (0.43, 0.78)) when controlling for covariates. The decrease in MM-specific death in black patients was not statistically significant compared to matched controls (HR = 0.72, 95% CI (0.41, 1.27)). Treatment differences were not observed for either sample.We found that, despite large racial differences in MM incidence and mortality in Iowa, there are no survival differences when matched on age and city of residence. These data fail to detect large barriers to myeloma treatment in Iowa, and are useful for formulating potential screening and prevention strategies. Future research should also assess results in different geographic areas, investigate survival among older White patients in rural areas, and investigate other potential reasons for mortality differences between Black and White MM patients such as specific treatments received.CONCLUSIONWe found that, despite large racial differences in MM incidence and mortality in Iowa, there are no survival differences when matched on age and city of residence. These data fail to detect large barriers to myeloma treatment in Iowa, and are useful for formulating potential screening and prevention strategies. Future research should also assess results in different geographic areas, investigate survival among older White patients in rural areas, and investigate other potential reasons for mortality differences between Black and White MM patients such as specific treatments received.
Details
- Title: Subtitle
- Comparison of outcomes by race among a population-based matched sample of multiple myeloma patients
- Creators
- Breanna B Greteman - University of IowaMichael H Tomasson - University of IowaAmanda R KahlMadison M Wahlen - University of IowaMelissa L Bates - University of IowaChristopher Strouse - University of Iowa, Hematology, Oncology, and Blood & Marrow TransplantationMary E Charlton - University of Iowa
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Publication Details
- Cancer causes & control, Vol.36(4), pp.433-442
- DOI
- 10.1007/s10552-024-01938-5
- PMID
- 39586915
- NLM abbreviation
- Cancer Causes Control
- ISSN
- 1573-7225
- eISSN
- 1573-7225
- Publisher
- SPRINGER
- Grant note
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences of the National Institutes of Health: UL1TR002537 National Institutes of Health funding for the Iowa Cancer Registry under NIH/NCI: HHSN261201800012I/HHSN26100001 Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center National Cancer Institute Award: P30CA086862 Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center Mezhir AwardNHLBI: CA244271 American Cancer Society: 134524-RSG-20-017-01-CCE
Research reported in this publication was supported by the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences of the National Institutes of Health under Award Number UL1TR002537 and the National Institutes of Health funding for the Iowa Cancer Registry under NIH/NCI contract number HHSN261201800012I/HHSN26100001 (BG, AK, MC); Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center National Cancer Institute Award P30CA086862 (BG, AK, MC); Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center Mezhir Award (MT/MB); NHLBI R01 (grant number CA244271) (MB); American Cancer Society (grant number 134524-RSG-20-017-01-CCE) (MB). The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health.
- Language
- English
- Electronic publication date
- 11/26/2024
- Date published
- 04/2025
- Academic Unit
- Hematology, Oncology, and Blood & Marrow Transplantation; Epidemiology; Health, Sport, and Human Physiology ; Internal Medicine
- Record Identifier
- 9984750660202771
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