Journal article
Comparison of the potency of a variety of β-glucans to induce cytokine production in human whole blood
Innate immunity (London, England), Vol.19(1), pp.10-19
02/2013
DOI: 10.1177/1753425912447129
PMCID: PMC3976228
PMID: 22653750
Abstract
β-Glucans are components of fungal cell walls and potent stimulants of innate immunity. The majority of research on biological activities of glucans has focused on β-(1→3)-glucans, which have been implicated in relation to fungal exposure-associated respiratory symptoms and as important stimulatory agents in anti-fungal immune responses. Fungi-and bacteria and plants-produce a wide variety of glucans with vast differences in the proportion and arrangement of their β-(1→3)-, -(1→4)- and -(1→6)-glycosidic linkages. Thus far, the pro-inflammatory potential of different β-glucans has not been studied within the same experimental model. Therefore, we compared the potency of 13 different glucan preparations to induce in vitro production of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α in human, whole blood cultures. The strongest inducers of all cytokines were pustulan [β-(1→6)-glucan], lichenan [β-(1→3)-(1→4)-glucan], xyloglucan [β-(1→4)-glucan] and pullulan [α-(1→4)-(1→6)-glucan]. Moderate-to-strong cytokine production was observed for curdlan [β-(1→3)-glucan], baker's yeast glucan [β-(1→3)-(1→6)-glucan] and barley glucan [β-(1→3)-(1→4)-glucan], while all other glucan preparations induced very low, or no, detectable levels of cytokines. We therefore conclude that innate immunity reactions are not exclusively induced by β-(1→3)-glucans, but also by β-(1→6)- and β-(1→4)-structures. Thus, not only β-(1→3)-glucan, but also other β-glucans and particularly β-(1→6)-glucans should be considered in future research.
Details
- Title: Subtitle
- Comparison of the potency of a variety of β-glucans to induce cytokine production in human whole blood
- Creators
- Ilka Noss - Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the NetherlandsGert DoekesPeter S ThorneDick J J HeederikInge M Wouters
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Publication Details
- Innate immunity (London, England), Vol.19(1), pp.10-19
- DOI
- 10.1177/1753425912447129
- PMID
- 22653750
- PMCID
- PMC3976228
- NLM abbreviation
- Innate Immun
- ISSN
- 1753-4259
- eISSN
- 1753-4267
- Publisher
- United States
- Grant note
- P30 ES005605 / NIEHS NIH HHS P30 ES005606 / NIEHS NIH HHS
- Language
- English
- Date published
- 02/2013
- Academic Unit
- Civil and Environmental Engineering; Occupational and Environmental Health
- Record Identifier
- 9983997460302771
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