Compensatory vasodilatation during hypoxic exercise: mechanisms responsible for matching oxygen supply to demand

Darren P Casey; Michael J Joyner

doi:10.1113/jphysiol.2012.242396

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Compensatory vasodilatation during hypoxic exercise: mechanisms responsible for matching oxygen supply to demand

Journal article

Open access

Peer reviewed

Compensatory vasodilatation during hypoxic exercise: mechanisms responsible for matching oxygen supply to demand

Darren P Casey and Michael J Joyner

The Journal of physiology, Vol.590(24), pp.6321-6326

12/15/2012

DOI: 10.1113/jphysiol.2012.242396

PMCID: PMC3533194

PMID: 22988134

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Abstract

Hypoxia can have profound influences on the circulation. In humans, acute exposure to moderate hypoxia has been demonstrated to result in vasodilatation in the coronary, cerebral, splanchnic and skeletal muscle vascular beds. The combination of submaximal exercise and hypoxia produces a 'compensatory' vasodilatation and augmented blood flow in contracting skeletal muscles relative to the same level of exercise under normoxic conditions. This augmented vasodilatation exceeds that predicted by a simple sum of the individual dilator responses to hypoxia alone and normoxic exercise. Additionally, this enhanced hypoxic exercise hyperaemia is proportional to the hypoxia-induced fall in arterial oxygen (O(2)) content, thus preserving muscle O(2) delivery and ensuring it is matched to demand. Several vasodilator pathways have been proposed and examined as likely regulators of skeletal muscle blood flow in response to changes in arterial O(2) content. The purpose of this review is to put into context the present evidence regarding mechanisms responsible for the compensatory vasodilatation observed during hypoxic exercise in humans. Along these lines, this review will highlight the interactions between various local metabolic and endothelial derived substances that influence vascular tone during hypoxic exercise.

Adaptation, Physiological

Humans

Oxygen Consumption

Vasoconstriction

Muscle, Skeletal - metabolism

Oxygen - blood

Vasodilation

Hypoxia - blood

Animals

Exercise

Muscle Contraction

Hyperemia - physiopathology

Hyperemia - blood

Hypoxia - physiopathology

Muscle, Skeletal - blood supply

Details

Title: Subtitle: Compensatory vasodilatation during hypoxic exercise: mechanisms responsible for matching oxygen supply to demand
Creators: Darren P Casey - Department of Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA. casey.darren@mayo.edu
Michael J Joyner
Resource Type: Journal article
Publication Details: The Journal of physiology, Vol.590(24), pp.6321-6326
DOI: 10.1113/jphysiol.2012.242396
PMID: 22988134
PMCID: PMC3533194
NLM abbreviation: J Physiol
ISSN: 0022-3751
eISSN: 1469-7793
Publisher: England
Language: English
Date published: 12/15/2012
Academic Unit: Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science; Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center
Record Identifier: 9984047873502771

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