Journal article
Concordance of eclosion life history timing across trophic levels in communities of host plants, fruit flies, and parasitoid wasps in the Pacific Northwest, USA
Environmental entomology, Vol.54(4), pp.917-930
08/19/2025
DOI: 10.1093/ee/nvaf050
PMID: 40577793
Abstract
Whether host plant fruiting phenology variation affects eclosion times and generates allochronic isolation across trophic levels for Rhagoletis flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) and their braconid parasitoids is largely unknown, except in the Rhagoletis pomonella (Walsh) hawthorn-apple system. Here, we investigated how fly and wasp eclosion times in 4 systems-Oregon grape, Rhagoletis berberis Curran; red osier dogwood, Rhagoletis tabellaria (Fitch); bitter cherry, Rhagoletis indifferens Curran; and snowberry, Rhagoletis zephyria Snow-in Washington state, USA correspond to host phenology. Fruiting patterns differed among plants. Oregon grape and bitter cherry fruited once in relatively narrow temporal windows, while red osier dogwood and snowberry fruited multiple times or more widely through the season. Fruiting times differed for plants from earlier to later: based on fruit set, Oregon grape < red osier dogwood = bitter cherry < snowberry; first ripening fruit, Oregon grape < bitter cherry = snowberry; percent mature fruit in early August, Oregon grape = red osier dogwood < bitter cherry < snowberry. Mean fly eclosion times generally matched host fruiting times: red osier dogwood fly < Oregon grape fly = bitter cherry fly < snowberry fly. Parasitoid and fly eclosion matched except snowberry fly wasps eclosed before bitter cherry fly wasps. Differences in eclosion times between flies or wasps resulted in allochronic isolation from 1% to 96%. Nonconcordance between timing of fruit maturity and fly/wasp eclosion may be related to differences in precise host fruit or fly stages attacked by different species. Fruiting phenology may select for variable fly eclosion times, leading to a range of allochronic isolation between different Rhagoletis species and their associated guilds of parasitoid wasps.
Details
- Title: Subtitle
- Concordance of eclosion life history timing across trophic levels in communities of host plants, fruit flies, and parasitoid wasps in the Pacific Northwest, USA
- Creators
- Wee L Yee - United States Department of AgricultureGlen Ray Hood - Wayne State UniversityJoshua M Milnes - Washington State Dept Agriculture, Plant Protection Division, Yakima, WA, USAAndrew A Forbes - University of IowaJeffrey L Feder - University of Notre Dame
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Publication Details
- Environmental entomology, Vol.54(4), pp.917-930
- DOI
- 10.1093/ee/nvaf050
- PMID
- 40577793
- NLM abbreviation
- Environ Entomol
- ISSN
- 1938-2936
- eISSN
- 1938-2936
- Publisher
- OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
- Grant note
- USDA: AP21PPQS, T00C067, AP22PPQS, T00C077 Northwest Agricultural Research Foundation: 21-0411AM WSDA SCBG: 21SCBPWA1049-00
We thank Alexander Rose, Chey Temple, Paul Messier (USDA), Michael Bush, Robert Goughnour, Joseph Schwarz, and Samuel Weitzel (Washington State Department of Agriculture) for technical assistance. This project was supported in part by USDA Plant Protection Act 7721 (Cooperative Agreements: AP21PPQS & T00C067, and AP22PPQS & T00C077), Northwest Agricultural Research Foundation (Cooperative Agreement: 21-0411AM), and WSDA SCBG (Cooperative Agreement: 21SCBPWA1049-00). Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication are solely for information purposes and do not constitute recommendation or endorsement by Washington State Department of Agriculture or the US Department of Agriculture.
- Language
- English
- Electronic publication date
- 06/19/2025
- Date published
- 08/19/2025
- Academic Unit
- Biology; University College Courses
- Record Identifier
- 9984833485902771
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