Journal article
Contribution of High School Sport Participation to Young Adult Bone Strength
Medicine and science in sports and exercise, Vol.51(5), pp.1064-1072
05/2019
DOI: 10.1249/MSS.0000000000001870
PMCID: PMC6959471
PMID: 30557192
Abstract
Nearly 8 million American adolescents participate in sports. Participation declines in young adulthood. This study assessed longitudinal effects of high school sport participation and muscle power on young adult bone strength. Two hundred twenty-eight young adults from the Iowa Bone Development Study completed an interscholastic sport participation questionnaire. Current physical activity (PA) behaviors were assessed via questionnaire. Dual x-ray absorptiometry assessed hip areal bone mineral density and was used with hip structure analysis to estimate femoral neck section modulus and hip cross-sectional area. Peripheral quantitative computed tomography provided strength-strain index and bone strength index at 38% and 4% midshaft tibial sites, respectively. Vertical jump estimated muscle power at 17 yr. Sex-specific multiple linear regression predicted young adult bone outcomes based on sport participation groups. Mediation analysis analyzed the effects of muscle power on relationships between sport participation and bone strength. At follow-up, males participating in any interscholastic sport had greater bone strength than males who did not participate in sport. The explained variability in bone outcomes was 2% to 16%. Females who participated in sports requiring muscle power had greater bone strength than females who did not participate in sports or females who participated in nonpower sports (explained variability was 4%-10%). Muscle power mediated 24.7% to 41% of the effect of sport participation on bone outcomes in males and 19.4% to 30% in females. Former male interscholastic sport participants and female interscholastic power sport participants have stronger bones than peers even when adjusting for current PA. Muscle power did not fully explain differences in all bone outcomes, suggesting that sport participation has additional bone health benefits.
Details
- Title: Subtitle
- Contribution of High School Sport Participation to Young Adult Bone Strength
- Creators
- Ryan C Ward - Department of Health and Human Physiology, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IAKathleen F Janz - Department of Health and Human Physiology, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IAElena M Letuchy - Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IAClayton Peterson - Department of Health and Human Physiology, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IASteven M Levy - Department of Preventative and Community Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Publication Details
- Medicine and science in sports and exercise, Vol.51(5), pp.1064-1072
- Publisher
- United States
- DOI
- 10.1249/MSS.0000000000001870
- PMID
- 30557192
- PMCID
- PMC6959471
- ISSN
- 0195-9131
- eISSN
- 1530-0315
- Grant note
- U01 DE028522 / NIDCR NIH HHS UL1 RR024979 / NCRR NIH HHS R01 DE012101 / NIDCR NIH HHS M01 RR000059 / NCRR NIH HHS R56 DE012101 / NIDCR NIH HHS R01 DE009551 / NIDCR NIH HHS
- Language
- English
- Date published
- 05/2019
- Academic Unit
- Preventive and Community Dentistry; Epidemiology; Health and Human Physiology
- Record Identifier
- 9983917683402771
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