Journal article
Control of working memory content in schizophrenia
Schizophrenia research, Vol.134(1), pp.70-75
01/2012
DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2011.10.008
PMCID: PMC3275350
PMID: 22079944
Abstract
People with schizophrenia (PSZ) exhibit signs of reduced working memory (WM) capacity. However, this may reflect an impairment in managing its content, e.g. preventing irrelevant information from taking up available storage space, rather than a true capacity reduction. We tested the ability to eliminate and update WM content in 38 PSZ and 30 healthy control subjects (HCS). Images of real-world objects were presented consecutively, and a tone cued the item most likely to be tested for memory. On half the trials, randomly intermixed, a second tone occurred. Participants were informed that the item cued by the second tone was now the most likely to be tested, and the item cued by the first tone now the least likely, providing incentive to eliminate the first cued item from WM. Both HCS and PSZ displayed a robust performance advantage for cued items. Unexpectedly, PSZ more efficiently removed the no-longer-essential item from WM than HCS. The magnitude of the WM clearance of this first cued item correlated with memory performance for the newly prioritized second cued item in PSZ, indicating that it was adaptive. However, WM clearance was not associated with WM capacity, ruling out the need to budget limited resources as an explanation for greater clearance in PSZ. A robust correlation between WM clearance and poverty of speech in PSZ instead suggests that the propensity to rapidly clear non-essential information and minimize the number of items in WM may be the reflection of a negative symptom trait. This finding may reflect a more general tendency of PSZ to focus processing more narrowly than HCS.
Details
- Title: Subtitle
- Control of working memory content in schizophrenia
- Creators
- Britta Hahn - University of Maryland School of Medicine, Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, P.O. box 21247, Baltimore, MD 21228, USAAndrew Hollingworth - University of Iowa, Department of Psychology, 11 Seashore Hall E, Iowa City, IA 52242, USABenjamin M Robinson - University of Maryland School of Medicine, Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, P.O. box 21247, Baltimore, MD 21228, USASamuel T Kaiser - University of Maryland School of Medicine, Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, P.O. box 21247, Baltimore, MD 21228, USACarly J Leonard - University of California, Davis, Center for Mind & Brain and Department of Psychology, 267 Cousteau Place, Davis, CA 95618, USAValerie M Beck - University of California, Davis, Center for Mind & Brain and Department of Psychology, 267 Cousteau Place, Davis, CA 95618, USAEmily S Kappenman - University of California, Davis, Center for Mind & Brain and Department of Psychology, 267 Cousteau Place, Davis, CA 95618, USASteven J Luck - University of California, Davis, Center for Mind & Brain and Department of Psychology, 267 Cousteau Place, Davis, CA 95618, USAJames M Gold - University of Maryland School of Medicine, Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, P.O. box 21247, Baltimore, MD 21228, USA
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Publication Details
- Schizophrenia research, Vol.134(1), pp.70-75
- DOI
- 10.1016/j.schres.2011.10.008
- PMID
- 22079944
- PMCID
- PMC3275350
- NLM abbreviation
- Schizophr Res
- ISSN
- 0920-9964
- eISSN
- 1573-2509
- Publisher
- Elsevier B.V
- Language
- English
- Date published
- 01/2012
- Academic Unit
- Psychological and Brain Sciences
- Record Identifier
- 9984213414302771
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