Journal article
DNA methylation differentiates smoking from vaping and non-combustible tobacco use
Epigenetics, Vol.17(2), pp.178-190
01/2022
DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2021.1890875
PMID: 33588690
Abstract
Increasing use of non-combusted forms of nicotine such as e-cigarettes poses important public health questions regarding their specific risks relative to combusted tobacco products such as cigarettes. To fully delineate these risks, improved biomarkers that can distinguish between these forms of nicotine use are needed. Prior work has suggested that methylation status at cg05575921 may serve as a specific biomarker of combusted tobacco smoke exposure. We hypothesized combining this epigenetic biomarker with conventional metabolite assays could classify the type of nicotine product consumption. Therefore, we determined DNA methylation and serum cotinine values in samples from 112 smokers, 35 e-cigarette users, 19 smokeless tobacco users, and 269 controls, and performed mass spectroscopy analyses of urine samples from all nicotine users and 22 verified controls to determine urinary levels of putatively nicotine product-specific substances; propylene glycol, 2-cyanoethylmercapturic acid (CEMA), and anabasine. 1) Cigarette smoking was associated with a dose dependent demethylation of cg05575921 and increased urinary CEMA and anabasine levels, 2) e-cigarette use did not demethylate cg05575921, 3) smokeless tobacco use also did not demethylate cg05575921 but was positively associated with anabasine levels 4) CEMA and cg05575921 levels were highly correlated and 5) propylene glycol levels did not reliably distinguish use groups. Cg05575921 assessments distinguish exposure to tobacco smoke from smokeless sources of nicotine including e-cigarettes and smokeless tobacco, neither of which are associated with cg05575921 demethylation. A combination of methylomic and metabolite profiling may allow for accurate classification use status of a variety of nicotine containing products.
Details
- Title: Subtitle
- DNA methylation differentiates smoking from vaping and non-combustible tobacco use
- Creators
- Allan Andersen - University of IowaRachel Reimer - Des Moines UniversityKelsey Dawes - University of IowaAshley Becker - University of IowaNatasha Hutchens - University of IowaShelly Miller - Behavioral Diagnostics LLCMeesha Dogan - University of IowaBrandon Hundley - University of IowaJames A. Mills - University of IowaJeffrey D Long - University of IowaRobert Philibert - University of Iowa
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Publication Details
- Epigenetics, Vol.17(2), pp.178-190
- DOI
- 10.1080/15592294.2021.1890875
- PMID
- 33588690
- NLM abbreviation
- Epigenetics
- ISSN
- 1559-2294
- eISSN
- 1559-2308
- Publisher
- Taylor & Francis
- Grant note
- name: The Smoke Free World Foundation; DOI: 10.13039/100019021, name: Foundation for a Smoke Free World
- Language
- English
- Electronic publication date
- 02/25/2021
- Date published
- 01/2022
- Academic Unit
- Roy J. Carver Department of Biomedical Engineering; Psychiatry; Iowa Neuroscience Institute; Biostatistics
- Record Identifier
- 9984070884902771
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