Data‐Efficient Generation of Synthetic Microstructures of Polymer‐Bonded Energetic Material With Fine‐Tuned Stable Diffusion

Irene Fang; Amitesh Maiti; Christopher M. Miller; Graham D. Kosiba; H. Keo Springer; Richard H. Gee; H. S. Udaykumar

doi:10.1002/prep.70203

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Data‐Efficient Generation of Synthetic Microstructures of Polymer‐Bonded Energetic Material With Fine‐Tuned Stable Diffusion

Journal article

Peer reviewed

Data‐Efficient Generation of Synthetic Microstructures of Polymer‐Bonded Energetic Material With Fine‐Tuned Stable Diffusion

Irene Fang, Amitesh Maiti, Christopher M. Miller, Graham D. Kosiba, H. Keo Springer, Richard H. Gee and H. S. Udaykumar

Propellants, explosives, pyrotechnics, e70203

05/13/2026

DOI: 10.1002/prep.70203

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Abstract

Among current deep learning approaches for synthetic image generation, diffusion‐based models stand out in terms of algorithmic stability and ability to retain high‐fidelity image features with detailed resolution. In this work, we employ Dreambooth, a method for fine‐tuning Stable Diffusion, on X‐ray CT images of microstructure of the polymer‐bonded form (PBX) of a commonly used high explosive, Pentaerythritol tetranitrate (PETN), which yields generative models for creating synthetic PBX images. The models developed here represent five classes (or ‘lots’) of microstructures and demonstrate successful generation of images of each class with high fidelity, as verified by computed classification accuracy of ∼ 94% or higher. Data augmentation afforded by such image synthesis can be used to more reliably decipher underlying statistics, build processing‐structure correlations, recognize off‐normal structural anomalies, and identify age‐related changes. Ideas related to converting image data into appropriate density mapping and performing mesoscale simulation or surrogate modeling of detonation are also discussed.

Dreambooth

PETN

polymer-bonded explosive

stable diffusion

synthetic data generation

Details

Title: Subtitle: Data‐Efficient Generation of Synthetic Microstructures of Polymer‐Bonded Energetic Material With Fine‐Tuned Stable Diffusion
Creators: Irene Fang - University of Iowa
Amitesh Maiti - Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
Christopher M. Miller - Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
Graham D. Kosiba - Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
H. Keo Springer - Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
Richard H. Gee - Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
H. S. Udaykumar - University of Iowa
Resource Type: Journal article
Publication Details: Propellants, explosives, pyrotechnics, e70203
DOI: 10.1002/prep.70203
ISSN: 0721-3115
eISSN: 1521-4087
Publisher: Wiley
Grant note: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory: DE-AC52-07NA27344 LDRD: 24-SI-004
This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344, supported by the LLNL-LDRD Program under Project No. 24-SI-004, and approved for unlimited release under document number LLNL-JRNL-2014050.
Language: English
Electronic publication date: 05/13/2026
Academic Unit: Engineering Administration; Injury Prevention Research Center; Chemical and Biochemical Engineering; Mechanical Engineering
Record Identifier: 9985164724302771

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