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Deletion of GLUT1 and GLUT3 Reveals Multiple Roles for Glucose Metabolism in Platelet and Megakaryocyte Function
Journal article   Open access   Peer reviewed

Deletion of GLUT1 and GLUT3 Reveals Multiple Roles for Glucose Metabolism in Platelet and Megakaryocyte Function

Trevor P Fidler, Robert A Campbell, Trevor Funari, Nicholas Dunne, Enrique Balderas Angeles, Elizabeth A Middleton, Dipayan Chaudhuri, Andrew S Weyrich and E. Dale Abel
Cell reports (Cambridge), Vol.20(4), pp.881-894
07/25/2017
DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2017.06.083
PMID: 28746873
url
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2017.06.083View
Published (Version of record) Open Access

Abstract

Anucleate platelets circulate in the blood to facilitate thrombosis and diverse immune functions. Platelet activation leading to clot formation correlates with increased glycogenolysis, glucose uptake, glucose oxidation, and lactic acid production. Simultaneous deletion of glucose transporter (GLUT) 1 and GLUT3 (double knockout [DKO]) specifically in platelets completely abolished glucose uptake. In DKO platelets, mitochondrial oxidative metabolism of non-glycolytic substrates, such as glutamate, increased. Thrombosis and platelet activation were decreased through impairment at multiple activation nodes, including Ca2+ signaling, degranulation, and integrin activation. DKO mice developed thrombocytopenia, secondary to impaired pro-platelet formation from megakaryocytes, and increased platelet clearance resulting from cytosolic calcium overload and calpain activation. Systemic treatment with oligomycin, inhibiting mitochondrial metabolism, induced rapid clearance of platelets, with circulating counts dropping to zero in DKO mice, but not wild-type mice, demonstrating an essential role for energy metabolism in platelet viability. Thus, substrate metabolism is essential for platelet production, activation, and survival. [Display omitted] •Glucose metabolism is required for megakaryocyte-mediated platelet production•Platelet metabolism is essential for platelet survival•Energetically stressed platelets undergo Ca2+-calpain-mediated necrosis and clearance•Glucose metabolism modulates multiple nodes of platelet activation Fidler et al. show that glucose metabolism is essential for platelet production, activation, and clearance. Their findings reveal complementary roles for glycolysis versus mitochondrial metabolism in platelet viability. Blocking both metabolic pathways leads to complete clearance of platelets from the circulation, due to calcium overload and calpain activation.
Metabolism megakaryocyte calpain glucose transporters platelet glucose

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