Developing Smart Virtual Reality to Teach Functional Communication Training

Seth King; Liqun Feng; Collin Glazek; Kannika May Ross; Maria Green; Harshal Lele; Tyler Bell

doi:10.1007/s10864-024-09569-1

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Developing Smart Virtual Reality to Teach Functional Communication Training

Journal article

Peer reviewed

Developing Smart Virtual Reality to Teach Functional Communication Training

Seth King, Liqun Feng, Collin Glazek, Kannika May Ross, Maria Green, Harshal Lele and Tyler Bell

Journal of behavioral education, Vol.35, pp.91-125

03/2026

DOI: 10.1007/s10864-024-09569-1

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Abstract

Artificial intelligence (AI) encompasses a range of applications with the potential to change the development and implementation of behavioral intervention. Virtual reality (VR) simulations have only recently emerged as a tool for administering behavioral skills training (BST), with minimal incorporation of AI. Although early research has demonstrated that AI-enhanced simulations—Smart VR—can provide BST in relation to vocal procedures with limited instructor oversight, studies have yet to demonstrate the feasibility of this approach for complex skills such as functional communication training (FCT). This article describes two exploratory single-case design studies that examined the ability of Smart VR to automatically deliver components of BST in relation to various iterations of FCT. Results suggest the training generally improved trainee skills; however, correspondence between assessments conducted by AI and human observers was lower than in previous studies. Findings provide insight into technical advances and ethical concerns associated with the greater use of AI in behavioral intervention.

Virtual Reality

Artificial intelligence

Behavioral skills training

Functional communication training

Details

Title: Subtitle: Developing Smart Virtual Reality to Teach Functional Communication Training
Creators: Seth King - University of Iowa
Liqun Feng - University of Nebraska–Lincoln
Collin Glazek - University of Iowa
Kannika May Ross - University of Iowa
Maria Green - University of Iowa
Harshal Lele - University of Iowa
Tyler Bell - University of Iowa, Electrical and Computer Engineering
Resource Type: Journal article
Publication Details: Journal of behavioral education, Vol.35, pp.91-125
DOI: 10.1007/s10864-024-09569-1
ISSN: 1053-0819
eISSN: 1573-3513
Publisher: SPRINGER; NEW YORK
Grant note: Funding was provided by The University of Iowa.
Language: English
Electronic publication date: 10/11/2024
Date published: 03/2026
Academic Unit: Electrical and Computer Engineering; IIHR--Hydroscience and Engineering; Teaching and Learning; Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences
Record Identifier: 9984736611302771

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