Diagnostic and therapeutic precision in cardiovascular diseases in the neonatal intensive care

Arvind Sehgal; Matthew R Buckingham; Rachael M Hyland; Patrick J McNamara

doi:10.1038/s41372-025-02317-x

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Diagnostic and therapeutic precision in cardiovascular diseases in the neonatal intensive care

Journal article

Open access

Peer reviewed

Diagnostic and therapeutic precision in cardiovascular diseases in the neonatal intensive care

Arvind Sehgal, Matthew R Buckingham, Rachael M Hyland and Patrick J McNamara

Journal of perinatology, Vol.45(7), pp.888-899

07/2025

DOI: 10.1038/s41372-025-02317-x

PMCID: PMC12316595

PMID: 40348940

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https://doi.org/10.1038/s41372-025-02317-xView

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Abstract

While patent ductus arteriosus, pulmonary hypertension, and systemic hypotension are key medical issues amongst neonates, there are other common biological conditions which present with distinct physiological diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. This review focuses on such hemodynamic considerations in cardiomyopathy accompanying infants of diabetic mothers, twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome, and left heart pathology in infants with severe chronic lung disease. It details the pathophysiological mechanisms, diagnostic approaches, and therapeutic strategies essential for optimizing cardiovascular stability in this fragile cohort. A regimented, protocol-driven approach may lead to an increased risk of unintended treatment side effects in patients where diagnostic precision is low. This review provides a rational basis of the management of hemodynamic instability, at the same time laying out knowledge gaps and considerations for future research.

Details

Title: Subtitle: Diagnostic and therapeutic precision in cardiovascular diseases in the neonatal intensive care
Creators: Arvind Sehgal - Monash University
Matthew R Buckingham - Waitaha Christchurch Neonatal Unit, The Whatu Ora Health, Christchurch, New Zealand
Rachael M Hyland - Division of Neonatology, University of Iowa Stead Family Children's Hospital, Iowa City, IA, USA
Patrick J McNamara - Division of Neonatology, University of Iowa Stead Family Children's Hospital, Iowa City, IA, USA
Resource Type: Journal article
Publication Details: Journal of perinatology, Vol.45(7), pp.888-899
DOI: 10.1038/s41372-025-02317-x
PMID: 40348940
PMCID: PMC12316595
NLM abbreviation: J Perinatol
ISSN: 0743-8346
eISSN: 1476-5543
Publisher: SPRINGERNATURE
Grant note: CAUL
Open Access funding enabled and organized by CAUL and its Member Institutions.
Language: English
Electronic publication date: 05/10/2025
Date published: 07/2025
Academic Unit: Stead Family Department of Pediatrics; Neonatology; Internal Medicine
Record Identifier: 9984823067502771

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