Dietary Glycemic Index and the Risk of Birth Defects

Samantha E Parker; Martha M Werler; Gary M Shaw; Marlene Anderka; Mahsa M Yazdy; National Birth Defects Prevention Study

doi:10.1093/aje/kws201

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Dietary Glycemic Index and the Risk of Birth Defects

Journal article

Open access

Peer reviewed

Dietary Glycemic Index and the Risk of Birth Defects

Samantha E Parker, Martha M Werler, Gary M Shaw, Marlene Anderka, Mahsa M Yazdy and National Birth Defects Prevention Study

American journal of epidemiology, Vol.176(12), pp.1110-1120

2012

DOI: 10.1093/aje/kws201

PMCID: PMC3571231

PMID: 23171874

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Abstract

Prepregnancy diabetes and obesity have been identified as independent risk factors for several birth defects, providing support for a mechanism that involves hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia in the development of malformations. Data from the National Birth Defects Prevention Study from 1997 to 2007 were used to investigate the association between the maternal dietary glycemic index (DGI) and the risk of birth defects among nondiabetic women. DGI was categorized by using spline regression models and quartile distributions. Adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were calculated. The joint effect of DGI and obesity was also examined. Among the 53 birth defects analyzed, high DGI, categorized by spline regression, was significantly associated with encephalocele (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 2.68), diaphragmatic hernia (aOR = 2.58), small intestinal atresia/stenosis (aOR = 2.97) including duodenal atresia/stenosis (aOR = 2.48), and atrial septal defect (aOR = 1.37). Using quartiles to categorize DGI, the authors identified associations with cleft lip with cleft palate (aOR = 1.23) and anorectal atresia/stenosis (aOR = 1.40). The joint effect of high DGI and obesity provided evidence of a synergistic effect on the risk of selected birth defects. High DGI is associated with an increased risk of a number of birth defects under study. Obesity coupled with high DGI appears to increase the risk further for some birth defects.

Epidemiology

Obesity

Biological and medical sciences

Diseases of the digestive system

General aspects

Medical sciences

Metabolic diseases

Miscellaneous

Public health. Hygiene

Public health. Hygiene-occupational medicine

Radiotherapy. Instrumental treatment. Physiotherapy. Reeducation. Rehabilitation, orthophony, crenotherapy. Diet therapy and various other treatments (general aspects)

Details

Title: Subtitle: Dietary Glycemic Index and the Risk of Birth Defects
Creators: Samantha E Parker - Slone Epidemiology Center, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
Martha M Werler - Slone Epidemiology Center, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
Gary M Shaw - Division of Neonatal and Developmental Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California, United States
Marlene Anderka - Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
Mahsa M Yazdy - Slone Epidemiology Center, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
National Birth Defects Prevention Study
Contributors: Paul A Romitti (Contributor) - University of Iowa, Epidemiology
Resource Type: Journal article
Publication Details: American journal of epidemiology, Vol.176(12), pp.1110-1120
Publisher: Oxford University Press
DOI: 10.1093/aje/kws201
PMID: 23171874
PMCID: PMC3571231
ISSN: 0002-9262
eISSN: 1476-6256
Language: English
Date published: 2012
Academic Unit: Epidemiology; Biostatistics
Record Identifier: 9984214685902771

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