Differential Odds of COVID-19 Infection Associated with Household and Workplace Exposures in U.S. Health Care Personnel

Eric Kontowicz; Amanda K Irish; Ian D Plumb; Melissa Briggs-Hagen; Karisa K Harland; Anusha Krishnadasan; David A Talan; Patrick Ten Eyck; Mark T Steele; Efrat R Kean; Nicholas M Mohr; Project PREVENT Network

doi:10.1097/JOM.0000000000003586

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Differential Odds of COVID-19 Infection Associated with Household and Workplace Exposures in U.S. Health Care Personnel

Journal article

Open access

Peer reviewed

Differential Odds of COVID-19 Infection Associated with Household and Workplace Exposures in U.S. Health Care Personnel

Eric Kontowicz, Amanda K Irish, Ian D Plumb, Melissa Briggs-Hagen, Karisa K Harland, Anusha Krishnadasan, David A Talan, Patrick Ten Eyck, Mark T Steele, Efrat R Kean, …

Journal of occupational and environmental medicine, Vol.68(3), pp.e245-e251

03/2026

DOI: 10.1097/JOM.0000000000003586

PMCID: PMC12928784

PMID: 41118238

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Abstract

To evaluate associations between occupational and non-occupational COVID-19 exposures, household characteristics, and COVID-19 infection risk among health care personnel (HCP). Nested analysis of HCP enrolled in a multisite vaccine effectiveness study. COVID-19 infection was confirmed through source documentation. Exposures and household characteristics were self-reported. HCP with household COVID-19 exposure had significantly higher infection odds, while workplace exposure was associated with decreased odds of infection. No associations were observed for community exposures, living with children, or living with unvaccinated household members. Household exposure posed greater COVID-19 risk to HCP unlike exposures in the workplace. Combined with demonstrated vaccine effectiveness, these findings suggest that workplace infection control measures were successful, while interventions targeting household transmission may be critical for protecting HCP.

COVID-19

SARS-CoV-2

Health Personnel

Details

Title: Subtitle: Differential Odds of COVID-19 Infection Associated with Household and Workplace Exposures in U.S. Health Care Personnel
Creators: Eric Kontowicz - University of Iowa
Amanda K Irish - University of Iowa
Ian D Plumb - Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Melissa Briggs-Hagen - Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Karisa K Harland - University of Iowa Health Care
Anusha Krishnadasan - University of California, Los Angeles
David A Talan - Los Angeles Medical Center
Patrick Ten Eyck - University of Iowa
Mark T Steele - University of Missouri–Kansas City
Efrat R Kean - Thomas Jefferson University Hospital
Nicholas M Mohr - University of Iowa Health Care
Project PREVENT Network
Resource Type: Journal article
Publication Details: Journal of occupational and environmental medicine, Vol.68(3), pp.e245-e251
DOI: 10.1097/JOM.0000000000003586
PMID: 41118238
PMCID: PMC12928784
NLM abbreviation: J Occup Environ Med
ISSN: 1076-2752
eISSN: 1536-5948
Publisher: LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS; PHILADELPHIA
Grant note: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC): U01CK000480 Institute for Clinical and Translational Science at the University of IowaNational Center for Advancing Translational Sciences of the National Institutes of Health: UM1TR004403
Funding sources: This project was funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (U01CK000480). The project was additionally supported by the Institute for Clinical and Translational Science at the University of Iowa through a grant from the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences of the National Institutes of Health (UM1TR004403).
Language: English
Electronic publication date: 10/21/2025
Date published: 03/2026
Academic Unit: Neurology; Epidemiology; Emergency Medicine; Biostatistics; Anesthesia; Injury Prevention Research Center; Law Faculty; Internal Medicine; Design Biostat and Ethics
Record Identifier: 9985016524602771

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