Dimensions of personality disturbance after focal brain damage: Investigation with the Iowa Scales of Personality Change

Joseph Barrash; Erik Asp; Kristian Markon; Kenneth Manzel; Steven W Anderson; Daniel Tranel

doi:10.1080/13803395.2011.561300

Back

Dimensions of personality disturbance after focal brain damage: Investigation with the Iowa Scales of Personality Change

Journal article

Open access

Peer reviewed

Dimensions of personality disturbance after focal brain damage: Investigation with the Iowa Scales of Personality Change

Joseph Barrash, Erik Asp, Kristian Markon, Kenneth Manzel, Steven W Anderson and Daniel Tranel

Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology, Vol.33(8), pp.833-852

10/01/2011

DOI: 10.1080/13803395.2011.561300

PMCID: PMC3140575

PMID: 21500116

Files and links (1)

url

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3140575View

Open Access

Abstract

This study employed a multistep, rational-empirical approach to identify dimensions of personality disturbance in brain-damaged individuals: (a) Five dimensions were hypothesized based on empirical literature and conceptual grounds; (b) principal components analysis was performed on the Iowa Scales of Personality Change (ISPC) to determine the pattern of covariance among 30 personality characteristics; (c) when discrepancies existed between principal components analysis results and conceptually based dimensions, empirical findings and clinical considerations were weighed to determine assignment of ISPC scales to dimensions; (d) the fit of data to the refined dimensions was assessed by examination of intercorrelations; (e) differential predictions concerning the relationship of dimensions to ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) damage were tested. This process resulted in the specification of five dimensions: Disturbed Social Behavior, Executive/Decision-Making Deficits, Diminished Motivation/Hypo-Emotionality, Irascibility, and Distress. In accord with predictions, the 28 participants with vmPFC lesions, compared to 96 participants with focal lesions elsewhere in the brain, had significantly more Disturbed Social Behavior and Executive/Decision-Making Deficits and tended to have more Diminished Motivation/Hypo-Emotionality. Irascibility was not significantly higher among the vmPFC group, and the groups had very similar levels of Distress. The findings indicate that conceptually distinctive dimensions with differential relationships to vmPFC can be derived from the Iowa Scales of Personality Change.

Apathy

Disinhibition

Executive function

Factor analysis

Prefrontal cortex

Details

Title: Subtitle: Dimensions of personality disturbance after focal brain damage: Investigation with the Iowa Scales of Personality Change
Creators: Joseph Barrash - Department of Psychology , University of Iowa
Erik Asp - Neuroscience Program , University of Iowa
Kristian Markon - Department of Psychology , University of Iowa
Kenneth Manzel - Department of Neurology , University of Iowa
Steven W Anderson - Neuroscience Program , University of Iowa
Daniel Tranel - Neuroscience Program , University of Iowa
Resource Type: Journal article
Publication Details: Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology, Vol.33(8), pp.833-852
DOI: 10.1080/13803395.2011.561300
PMID: 21500116
PMCID: PMC3140575
NLM abbreviation: J Clin Exp Neuropsychol
ISSN: 1380-3395
eISSN: 1744-411X
Publisher: Taylor & Francis Group
Language: English
Date published: 10/01/2011
Academic Unit: Neurology; Psychological and Brain Sciences; Iowa Neuroscience Institute
Record Identifier: 9984002324902771

Metrics

62 Record Views

54 Times Cited - Web of Science

See more details