Distinct Skeletal Muscle Gene Regulation from Active Contraction, Passive Vibration, and Whole Body Heat Stress in Humans

Michael A Petrie; Amy L Kimball; Colleen L McHenry; Manish Suneja; Chu-Ling Yen; Arpit Sharma; Richard K Shields

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0160594

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Distinct Skeletal Muscle Gene Regulation from Active Contraction, Passive Vibration, and Whole Body Heat Stress in Humans

Journal article

Open access

Peer reviewed

Distinct Skeletal Muscle Gene Regulation from Active Contraction, Passive Vibration, and Whole Body Heat Stress in Humans

Michael A Petrie, Amy L Kimball, Colleen L McHenry, Manish Suneja, Chu-Ling Yen, Arpit Sharma and Richard K Shields

PloS one, Vol.11(8), pp.e0160594-e0160594

2016

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0160594

PMCID: PMC4972309

PMID: 27486743

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Abstract

Skeletal muscle exercise regulates several important metabolic genes in humans. We know little about the effects of environmental stress (heat) and mechanical stress (vibration) on skeletal muscle. Passive mechanical stress or systemic heat stress are often used in combination with many active exercise programs. We designed a method to deliver a vibration stress and systemic heat stress to compare the effects with active skeletal muscle contraction. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine whether active mechanical stress (muscle contraction), passive mechanical stress (vibration), or systemic whole body heat stress regulates key gene signatures associated with muscle metabolism, hypertrophy/atrophy, and inflammation/repair. Methods: Eleven subjects, six able-bodied and five with chronic spinal cord injury (SCI) participated in the study. The six able-bodied subjects sat in a heat stress chamber for 30 minutes. Five subjects with SCI received a single dose of limb-segment vibration or a dose of repetitive electrically induced muscle contractions. Three hours after the completion of each stress, we performed a muscle biopsy (vastus lateralis or soleus) to analyze mRNA gene expression. Results: We discovered repetitive active muscle contractions up regulated metabolic transcription factors NR4A3 (12.45 fold), PGC-1α (5.46 fold), and ABRA (5.98 fold); and repressed MSTN (0.56 fold). Heat stress repressed PGC-1α (0.74 fold change; p < 0.05); while vibration induced FOXK2 (2.36 fold change; p < 0.05). Vibration similarly caused a down regulation of MSTN (0.74 fold change; p < 0.05), but to a lesser extent than active muscle contraction. Vibration induced FOXK2 (p < 0.05) while heat stress repressed PGC-1α (0.74 fold) and ANKRD1 genes (0.51 fold; p < 0.05). Conclusion: These findings support a distinct gene regulation in response to heat stress, vibration, and muscle contractions. Understanding these responses may assist in developing regenerative rehabilitation interventions to improve muscle cell development, growth, and repair.

Torque

Vibration

Spinal Cord Injuries - metabolism

Muscle Contraction - genetics

Stress, Physiological - genetics

Humans

Gene Expression Regulation

Stress, Mechanical

Male

Muscle, Skeletal - metabolism

Spinal Cord Injuries - genetics

Hot Temperature

Case-Control Studies

Heat-Shock Response - genetics

Spinal Cord Injuries - pathology

Young Adult

Adult

Exercise - physiology

Muscle, Skeletal - pathology

Details

Title: Subtitle: Distinct Skeletal Muscle Gene Regulation from Active Contraction, Passive Vibration, and Whole Body Heat Stress in Humans
Creators: Michael A Petrie - Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of America
Amy L Kimball - Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of America
Colleen L McHenry - Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of America
Manish Suneja - Department of Veterans Affairs, VA Medical Center, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of America
Chu-Ling Yen - Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of America
Arpit Sharma - Department of Biochemistry, Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of America
Richard K Shields - Department of Veterans Affairs, VA Medical Center, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of America
Resource Type: Journal article
Publication Details: PloS one, Vol.11(8), pp.e0160594-e0160594
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0160594
PMID: 27486743
PMCID: PMC4972309
NLM abbreviation: PLoS One
ISSN: 1932-6203
eISSN: 1932-6203
Publisher: Public Library of Science; United States
Grant note: R01 HD084645 / NICHD NIH HHS R01 HD062507 / NICHD NIH HHS R01 HD082109 / NICHD NIH HHS
Language: English
Date published: 2016
Academic Unit: Orthopedics and Rehabilitation; Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science; Nephrology; Internal Medicine
Record Identifier: 9984047796302771

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