Journal article
Distinct neuropsychological subgroups in typically developing youth inform heterogeneity in children with ADHD
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS, Vol.109(17), pp.6769-6774
04/24/2012
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1115365109
PMCID: PMC3340031
PMID: 22474392
Abstract
Research and clinical investigations in psychiatry largely rely on the de facto assumption that the diagnostic categories identified in the
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual
(DSM) represent homogeneous syndromes. However, the mechanistic heterogeneity that potentially underlies the existing classification scheme might limit discovery of etiology for most developmental psychiatric disorders. Another, perhaps less palpable, reality may also be interfering with progress—heterogeneity in typically developing populations. In this report we attempt to clarify neuropsychological heterogeneity in a large dataset of typically developing youth and youth with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), using graph theory and community detection. We sought to determine whether data-driven neuropsychological subtypes could be discerned in children with and without the disorder. Because individual classification is the sine qua non for eventual clinical translation, we also apply support vector machine-based multivariate pattern analysis to identify how well ADHD status in individual children can be identified as defined by the community detection delineated subtypes. The analysis yielded several unique, but similar subtypes across
both
populations. Just as importantly, comparing typically developing children with ADHD children within each of these distinct subgroups increased diagnostic accuracy. Two important principles were identified that have the potential to advance our understanding of typical development and developmental neuropsychiatric disorders. The first tenet suggests that typically developing children can be classified into distinct neuropsychological subgroups with high precision. The second tenet proposes that some of the heterogeneity in individuals with ADHD might be “nested” in this normal variation.
Details
- Title: Subtitle
- Distinct neuropsychological subgroups in typically developing youth inform heterogeneity in children with ADHD
- Creators
- Damien A Fair - Oregon Health and Science UniversityDeepti Bathula - Indian Institute of Technology RoparMolly A Nikolas - University of IowaJoel T Nigg - Psychiatry and
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Publication Details
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS, Vol.109(17), pp.6769-6774
- DOI
- 10.1073/pnas.1115365109
- PMID
- 22474392
- PMCID
- PMC3340031
- NLM abbreviation
- Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
- ISSN
- 0027-8424
- eISSN
- 1091-6490
- Publisher
- National Academy of Sciences
- Alternative title
- Heterogeneity in typical and ADHD children
- Language
- English
- Date published
- 04/24/2012
- Academic Unit
- Psychological and Brain Sciences; Injury Prevention Research Center
- Record Identifier
- 9984002338002771
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