Journal article
Diverse pro-inflammatory endotoxin recognition systems of mammalian innate immunity
F1000 research, Vol.7, p.516
2018
DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.13977.1
PMCID: PMC5931271
PMID: 29770204
Abstract
In humans and other mammals, recognition of endotoxins-abundant surface lipopolysaccharides (LPS) of Gram-negative bacteria-provides a potent stimulus for induction of inflammation and mobilization of host defenses. The structurally unique lipid A region of LPS is the principal determinant of this pro-inflammatory activity. This region of LPS is normally buried within the bacterial outer membrane and aggregates of purified LPS, making even more remarkable its picomolar potency and the ability of discrete variations in lipid A structure to markedly alter the pro-inflammatory activity of LPS. Two recognition systems-MD-2/TLR4 and "LPS-sensing" cytosolic caspases-together confer LPS responsiveness at the host cell surface, within endosomes, and at sites physically accessible to the cytosol. Understanding how the lipid A of LPS is delivered and recognized at these diverse sites is crucial to understanding how the magnitude and character of the inflammatory responses are regulated.
Details
- Title: Subtitle
- Diverse pro-inflammatory endotoxin recognition systems of mammalian innate immunity
- Creators
- Jerrold Weiss - Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Iowa City, Iowa, USAJason Barker - Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Publication Details
- F1000 research, Vol.7, p.516
- DOI
- 10.12688/f1000research.13977.1
- PMID
- 29770204
- PMCID
- PMC5931271
- NLM abbreviation
- F1000Res
- ISSN
- 2046-1402
- eISSN
- 2046-1402
- Grant note
- R01 AI104728 / NIAID NIH HHS
- Language
- English
- Date published
- 2018
- Academic Unit
- Infectious Diseases; Internal Medicine
- Record Identifier
- 9984094624202771
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