Does 5HTTLPR Genotype Moderate the Association of Family Environment With Child Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Symptomatology?

Alexis L Elmore; Joel T Nigg; Karen H Friderici; Katherine Jernigan; Molly A Nikolas

doi:10.1080/15374416.2014.979935

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Does 5HTTLPR Genotype Moderate the Association of Family Environment With Child Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Symptomatology?

Journal article

Peer reviewed

Does 5HTTLPR Genotype Moderate the Association of Family Environment With Child Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Symptomatology?

Alexis L Elmore, Joel T Nigg, Karen H Friderici, Katherine Jernigan and Molly A Nikolas

Journal of clinical child and adolescent psychology, Vol.45(3), pp.348-360

2016

DOI: 10.1080/15374416.2014.979935

PMCID: PMC4508252

PMID: 25602736

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Abstract

Problematic family dynamics are common among youth with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Multiple mechanisms, including diathesis-stress (vulnerability) and differential susceptibility Gene × Environment interaction effects (G × E), have been proposed to account for this association. G × E effects for ADHD were examined via interactions between a genetic marker hypothesized to influence sensitivity to the environment (the promoter polymorphism of the serotonin transporter gene -5HTTLPR) and family conflict and cohesion in predicting ADHD symptoms. There were 498 youth ages 6-17 years (251 ADHD, 213 non-ADHD) and their parents who completed a multistage, multi-informant assessment (including parent and youth reports on the Family Environment Scale), and saliva sample collection for genotyping. Linear regression analyses examined interactions between 5HTTLPR genotype and the Family Environment Scale scales of conflict and cohesion reported by parent and child. Criteria laid out by Roisman et al. ( 2012 ) were applied to evaluate diathesis stress versus differential susceptibility G × E mechanisms. Results demonstrated interactions between 5HTTLPR genotype and both conflict and cohesion in predicting inattention but not hyperactivity-impulsivity. Both interactions were highly consistent with differential susceptibility models of G × E effects. 5HTTLPR genotype appeared to moderate the relationship between family conflict/cohesion and inattentive symptoms. Interactions highlight the role of 5HTTLPR genotype as a potential marker of environmental sensitivity and provide support for differential susceptibility models of G × E effects for ADHD.

Genetic Predisposition to Disease

Humans

Genotype

Social Environment

Gene-Environment Interaction

Promoter Regions, Genetic - genetics

Polymorphism, Genetic

Attention - physiology

Serotonin Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins - genetics

Family Relations

Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity - genetics

Parents - psychology

Adolescent

Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity - psychology

Family Conflict

Adult

Female

Child

Saliva

Details

Title: Subtitle: Does 5HTTLPR Genotype Moderate the Association of Family Environment With Child Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Symptomatology?
Creators: Alexis L Elmore - a Department of Psychology , University of Iowa
Joel T Nigg - b Department of Psychiatry , Oregon Health and Science University
Karen H Friderici - c Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics , Michigan State University
Katherine Jernigan - c Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics , Michigan State University
Molly A Nikolas - a Department of Psychology , University of Iowa
Resource Type: Journal article
Publication Details: Journal of clinical child and adolescent psychology, Vol.45(3), pp.348-360
DOI: 10.1080/15374416.2014.979935
PMID: 25602736
PMCID: PMC4508252
NLM abbreviation: J Clin Child Adolesc Psychol
ISSN: 1537-4416
eISSN: 1537-4424
Publisher: England
Grant note: R37 MH059105 / NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH070004 / NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH099064 / NIMH NIH HHS MH070004-01A2 / NIMH NIH HHS
Language: English
Date published: 2016
Academic Unit: Psychological and Brain Sciences; Injury Prevention Research Center
Record Identifier: 9984002595202771

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