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Double fractal integral calculus of variations
Journal article

Double fractal integral calculus of variations

Gulizar Gulenay Zengin, Hemanta Kalita, Santosh Kumar and Palle E. T. Jorgensen
The journal of Analysis
04/28/2026
DOI: 10.1007/s41478-026-01081-1

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Abstract

In this article, we give a short summary of fractal variation in calculus, deriving both the general form of the fractal Euler equation and another version. Moreover, we present a double integral calculus of variations, which encompasses the classical calculus of variations for two variables as specific instances. Our study also explores fractal double integrals over standard regions, thus establishing the fundamental theorem of fractal double integrals.
Mathematics Physical Sciences Science & Technology

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