Eating Pattern and Nutritional Risks among People with Multiple Sclerosis Following a Modified Paleolithic Diet

Tyler J Titcomb; Babita Bisht; David D III Moore; Yashpal S Chhonker; Daryl J Murry; Linda G Snetselaar; Terry L Wahls

doi:10.3390/nu12061844

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Eating Pattern and Nutritional Risks among People with Multiple Sclerosis Following a Modified Paleolithic Diet

Journal article

Open access

Peer reviewed

Eating Pattern and Nutritional Risks among People with Multiple Sclerosis Following a Modified Paleolithic Diet

Tyler J Titcomb, Babita Bisht, David D III Moore, Yashpal S Chhonker, Daryl J Murry, Linda G Snetselaar and Terry L Wahls

Nutrients, Vol.12(6), pp.1-13

06/20/2020

DOI: 10.3390/nu12061844

PMCID: PMC7353368

PMID: 32575774

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Abstract

Preliminary studies suggest that a modified Paleolithic diet may benefit symptoms of fatigue in progressive multiple sclerosis (MS). However, this diet restricts the consumption of eggs, dairy, and gluten-containing grains, which may increase the risk of micronutrient deficiencies. Therefore, we evaluated the nutritional safety of this diet among people with progressive MS. Three nonconsecutive 24-h dietary recalls were collected from ( = 19) progressive MS participants in the final months of a diet intervention study and analyzed using Nutrition Data System for Research (NDSR) software. Food group intake was calculated, and intake of micronutrients was evaluated and compared to individual recommendations using Nutrient Adequacy Ratios (NARs). Blood was drawn at baseline and the end of the study to evaluate biomarker changes. Mean intake of fruits and vegetables exceeded nine servings/day and most participants excluded food groups. The intake of all micronutrients from food were above 100% NAR except for vitamin D (29.6 ± 34.6%), choline (73.2 ± 27.2%), and calcium (60.3 ± 22.8%), and one participant (1/19) exceeded the Tolerable Upper Limit (UL) for zinc, one (1/19) for vitamin A, and 37% (7/19) exceeded the chronic disease risk reduction (CDRR) for sodium. When intake from supplements was included in the analysis, several individuals exceeded ULs for magnesium (5/19), zinc (2/19), sodium (7/19), and vitamins A (2/19), D (9/19), C (1/19), B (3/19), and niacin (10/19). Serum values of vitamins D, B , K , K , and folate significantly increased compared to respective baseline values, while homocysteine and magnesium values were significantly lower at 12 months. Calcium and vitamin A serum levels did not change. This modified Paleolithic diet is associated with minimal nutritional risks. However, excessive intake from supplements may be of concern.

Multiple Sclerosis

Choline - administration & dosage

Deficiency Diseases - etiology

Diet

Diet Surveys

Diet, Paleolithic - adverse effects

Dietary Supplements

Energy Intake

Feeding Behavior

Female

Homocysteine - blood

Humans

Male

Mental Recall

Micronutrients - administration & dosage

Micronutrients - blood

Middle Aged

Minerals - administration & dosage

Minerals - blood

Nutritional Status

Nutritive Value

Recommended Dietary Allowances

Vitamins - administration & dosage

Vitamins - blood

Details

Title: Subtitle: Eating Pattern and Nutritional Risks among People with Multiple Sclerosis Following a Modified Paleolithic Diet
Creators: Tyler J Titcomb - Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
Babita Bisht - Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
David D III Moore - Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
Yashpal S Chhonker - Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
Daryl J Murry - Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
Linda G Snetselaar - Department of Epidemiology, University of Iowa College of Public Health, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
Terry L Wahls - Department of Extended Care and Rehabilitation Service Line, Iowa City VA Health Care System, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
Resource Type: Journal article
Publication Details: Nutrients, Vol.12(6), pp.1-13
DOI: 10.3390/nu12061844
PMID: 32575774
PMCID: PMC7353368
NLM abbreviation: Nutrients
ISSN: 2072-6643
eISSN: 2072-6643
Grant note: NA / Direct-MS U54TR001013 / Institute of Clinical and Translational Sciences
Language: English
Date published: 06/20/2020
Academic Unit: Neurology; Epidemiology; Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center; General Internal Medicine; Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center; Internal Medicine
Record Identifier: 9984215148802771

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