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Effect of Ceramic Thickness and Technician Variability on the Shade Duplication of Dental Ceramo-Metallic Restorations
Journal article   Open access   Peer reviewed

Effect of Ceramic Thickness and Technician Variability on the Shade Duplication of Dental Ceramo-Metallic Restorations

Rasha M. Abdelraouf, Taheya A. Moussa, Tamer M. Hamdy, Reem A. Abuhaimed, Alanoud M. Alotaibi, Carlos A. Jurado, Abdulaziz Alhotan, Bushra Alhelal and Nour A. Habib
Journal of functional biomaterials, Vol.15(1), 12
12/28/2023
DOI: 10.3390/jfb15010012
PMCID: PMC10816963
PMID: 38248679
url
https://doi.org/10.3390/jfb15010012View
Published (Version of record) Open Access

Abstract

Ceramic thickness and technicians’ manipulative variables are critical factors affecting the resultant shade of dental ceramo-metallic restorations. This study investigated the effect of the following variables on shade duplication of ceramo-metallic specimens: (a) ceramic thickness; (b) differences between several technicians (inter-technician variability); and (c) the ability of each technician to repeat the resultant shade (intra-technician variability). Ninety ceramo-metallic specimens were prepared and divided into three main groups (n = 30/gp) according to the different technicians who built up the veneering ceramic of the specimens. Each group was further subdivided into three subgroups (n = 10/subgroup) according to the thickness of the ceramic (1, 1.5, and 2 mm built over a 0.5 mm-thick metal substructure). Three different technicians were asked to follow the same protocol as regards the same ceramic batch (Shade 3M2, Vita VM13, Zahnfabrik, Germany), firing temperature, and number of firing cycles. Meanwhile, each technician followed his own protocol with regard to other ceramic manipulative variables. The duplicated shades of the specimens were investigated using the Vita Easyshade spectrophotometer by using the verify shade mode. Color difference (∆E) values were calculated between the target shade (3M2) and the duplicated shades of the specimens automatically by the Vita Easyshade spectrophotometer (Vita, Zahnfabrik, Germany). The effect of ceramic thickness and inter- and intra-technician variability on the duplication of the target shade was investigated. The results showed that the effect of ceramic thickness on the duplicated shades depended on inter-technician variability. High inter-technician variability (∆E = 2–6.4) was noticed in contrast to low intra-technician variability (∆E = 0.2–1.5). It could be concluded that proper shade-duplication of ceramo-metallic restoration was a cumulative technique intimately related to manipulative variables and ceramic thickness.

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