Journal article
Effect of Endotoxin on Opossum Gallbladder Motility: A Model of Acalculous Cholecystitis
Annals of surgery, Vol.232(2), pp.202-207
08/2000
DOI: 10.1097/00000658-200008000-00009
PMCID: PMC1421131
PMID: 10903598
Abstract
Objective
To determine whether endotoxin causes histologic changes in the gallbladder consistent with acalculous cholecystitis, and to determine the effects of endotoxin on gallbladder motility.
Summary Background Data
Acute acalculous cholecystitis is frequently seen in critically ill, septic patients, after prolonged fasting and gallbladder stasis. The pathogenesis of acalculous cholecystitis is unknown; however, previous studies have suggested that ischemia may play a role.
Methods
Adult opossums received Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide. The gallbladder was removed for histologic examination or for physiologic studies 4 hours to 2 weeks later. For histologic examination, gallbladder strips underwent standard hematoxylin-and-eosin processing. For physiologic studies, they were mounted in a tissue bath to determine responses to cholecystokinin octapeptide or electrical field stimulation.
Results
Intravenous endotoxin at a dose of 0.005 mg/kg resulted in disrupted mucosal surfaces and areas of hemorrhage; higher doses of endotoxin resulted in coagulation necrosis, hemorrhage, areas of fibrin deposition, and extensive mucosal loss, consistent with an acute ischemic insult. Endotoxin abolished the contractile response to cholecystokinin octapeptide in gallbladder strips 4 hours after endotoxin administration. The 0.005-mg/kg dose of endotoxin decreased the contractile response to cholecystokinin octapeptide for up to 96 hours after endotoxin administration and decreased the contractile response to electrical field stimulation for 48 hours after administration. Inhibition of nitric oxide synthase reversed the decreased contractile response to cholecystokinin octapeptide.
Conclusions
Endotoxin causes an ischemic insult to the gallbladder similar to that seen in acalculous cholecystitis. Also, endotoxin may lead to gallbladder stasis by decreasing gallbladder contractile responses to hormonal and neural stimuli.
Details
- Title: Subtitle
- Effect of Endotoxin on Opossum Gallbladder Motility: A Model of Acalculous Cholecystitis
- Creators
- Joseph J Cullen - From the Departments of Surgery and Internal Medicine, University of Iowa College of Medicine and Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Iowa City, IowaEarl B Maes - From the Departments of Surgery and Internal Medicine, University of Iowa College of Medicine and Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Iowa City, IowaSurrinder Aggrawal - From the Departments of Surgery and Internal Medicine, University of Iowa College of Medicine and Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Iowa City, IowaJeffrey L Conklin - From the Departments of Surgery and Internal Medicine, University of Iowa College of Medicine and Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Iowa City, IowaKimberly S Ephgrave - From the Departments of Surgery and Internal Medicine, University of Iowa College of Medicine and Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Iowa City, IowaFrank A Mitros - From the Departments of Surgery and Internal Medicine, University of Iowa College of Medicine and Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Iowa City, Iowa
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Publication Details
- Annals of surgery, Vol.232(2), pp.202-207
- DOI
- 10.1097/00000658-200008000-00009
- PMID
- 10903598
- PMCID
- PMC1421131
- NLM abbreviation
- Ann Surg
- ISSN
- 0003-4932
- eISSN
- 1528-1140
- Language
- English
- Date published
- 08/2000
- Academic Unit
- Pathology; Surgery; Radiation Oncology
- Record Identifier
- 9984051550502771
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