Effect of magnetic MMP removal on long-term dentin collagen stability

Walter Zenobi; Salvatore Sauro; Davino Machado Andrade Neto; Karen Evellin Moura Cordeiro; Francisco Avelino; Diego Lomonaco; Pierre Basilio Almeida Fechine; Yu Fu Chou; Garrit Koller; Thiago Soares Porto; Victor Pinheiro Feitosa

doi:10.1111/eos.70053

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Effect of magnetic MMP removal on long-term dentin collagen stability

Journal article

Open access

Peer reviewed

Effect of magnetic MMP removal on long-term dentin collagen stability

Walter Zenobi, Salvatore Sauro, Davino Machado Andrade Neto, Karen Evellin Moura Cordeiro, Francisco Avelino, Diego Lomonaco, Pierre Basilio Almeida Fechine, Yu Fu Chou, Garrit Koller, Thiago Soares Porto, …

European journal of oral sciences, Vol.134(1), e70053

02/2026

DOI: 10.1111/eos.70053

PMCID: PMC12819930

PMID: 41261506

Appears in UI Libraries Support Open Access

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Abstract

Several matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) inhibitors have been investigated for their ability to improve dentin-bond longevity. However, MMPs tend to reactivate over time, especially using simplified etch-and-rinse adhesives. This study investigated a novel magnetic removal of dentinal MMPs on bonding durability, MMP inhibition and collagen degradation. Magnetic nanoparticles (Fe O ) were synthesized, characterized, and incorporated in water-based gels at 2 wt% (MAG-2) or 20 wt% (MAG-20). A placebo and 2 wt% chlorhexidine (CHX) digluconate gel were employed as control treatments. Human teeth were acid-etched, pretreated with gels (external magnetic motion was created in the MAG groups), and bonded to composite using a simplified adhesive. Specimens were subjected to microtensile bond strength test after 24 h or 1 year of water storage. Interface release of hydroxyproline was assessed. Presence of MMPs was analyzed by confocal microscopy in situ zymography. Data were statistically analyzed using two-way ANOVA and Tukey's test. MAG-2 was the only treatment providing stable bond strength, revealing lower MMP activity than CHX. MAG-2 produced an evident removal of MMPs compared to CHX, MAG-20, and placebo. The innovative magnetic treatment of dentin was able to effectively remove MMPs when used at a 2 wt% concentration, arresting dentin collagen degradation at the dentin-bonded and achieving stable bonding over time.

adhesion

dentin

metalloproteinase

Fe3O4 nanoparticles

durability

UIOWA OA Agreement

Details

Title: Subtitle: Effect of magnetic MMP removal on long-term dentin collagen stability
Creators: Walter Zenobi - Universidade Federal do Ceará
Salvatore Sauro - Universidad Cardenal Herrera CEU
Davino Machado Andrade Neto - Universidade Federal do Ceará
Karen Evellin Moura Cordeiro - Universidade Federal do Ceará
Francisco Avelino - Universidade Federal do Ceará
Diego Lomonaco - Universidade Federal do Ceará
Pierre Basilio Almeida Fechine - Universidade Federal do Ceará
Yu Fu Chou - Universidad Cardenal Herrera CEU
Garrit Koller - King's College London
Thiago Soares Porto - University of Iowa
Victor Pinheiro Feitosa - University of Iowa
Resource Type: Journal article
Publication Details: European journal of oral sciences, Vol.134(1), e70053
DOI: 10.1111/eos.70053
PMID: 41261506
PMCID: PMC12819930
NLM abbreviation: Eur J Oral Sci
ISSN: 1600-0722
eISSN: 1600-0722
Publisher: Wiley
Grant note: 07874997/2023 / by Fundação Cearense de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico AUXPE 23038.006958/2014-96 / Brazilian Ministry of Education CAPES Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades: AEI/10.13039/501100011033
Language: English
Electronic publication date: 11/19/2025
Date published: 02/2026
Academic Unit: Operative Dentistry
Record Identifier: 9985033871502771

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