Journal article
Effective vaccination strategy using SARS-CoV-2 spike cocktail against Omicron and other variants of concern
npj vaccines, Vol.7(1), 169
12/19/2022
DOI: 10.1038/s41541-022-00580-z
PMCID: PMC9762654
PMID: 36535987
Abstract
The SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant harbors more than 30 mutations in its spike (S) protein. Circulating Omicron subvariants, particularly BA5 and other variants of concern (VOCs), show increased resistance to COVID-19 vaccines that target the original S protein, calling for an urgent need for effective vaccines to prevent multiple SARS-CoV-2 VOCs. Here, we evaluated the neutralizing activity and protection conferred by a BA1-S subunit vaccine when combined with or used as booster doses after, administration of wild-type S protein (WT-S). A WT-S/BA1-S cocktail, or WT-S prime and BA1-S boost, induced significantly higher neutralizing antibodies against pseudotyped Omicron BA1, BA2, BA2.12.1, and BA5 subvariants, and similar or higher neutralizing antibodies against the original SARS-CoV-2, than the WT-S protein alone. The WT-S/BA1-S cocktail also elicited higher or significantly higher neutralizing antibodies than the WT-S-prime-BA1-S boost, WT-S alone, or BA1-S alone against pseudotyped SARS-CoV-2 Alpha, Beta, Gamma, and Delta VOCs, and SARS-CoV, a closely related beta-coronavirus using the same receptor as SARS-CoV-2 for viral entry. By contrast, WT-S or BA1-S alone failed to induce potent neutralizing antibodies against all these viruses. Similar to the WT-S-prime-BA1-S boost, the WT-S/BA1-S cocktail completely protected mice against the lethal challenge of a Delta variant with negligible weight loss. Thus, we have identified an effective vaccination strategy that elicits potent, broadly, and durable neutralizing antibodies against circulating SARS-CoV-2 Omicron subvariants, other VOCs, original SARS-CoV-2, and SARS-CoV. These results will provide useful guidance for developing efficacious vaccines that inhibit current and future SARS-CoV-2 variants to control the COVID-19 pandemic.
Details
- Title: Subtitle
- Effective vaccination strategy using SARS-CoV-2 spike cocktail against Omicron and other variants of concern
- Creators
- Juan Shi - Georgia State UniversityGang Wang - Georgia State UniversityJian Zheng - University of LouisvilleAbhishek K Verma - University of IowaXiaoqing Guan - Georgia State UniversityMoffat M Malisheni - Georgia State UniversityQibin Geng - University of Minnesota Medical SchoolFang Li - University of MinnesotaStanley Perlman - Department of Pediatrics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA. stanley-perlman@uiowa.eduLanying Du - Georgia State University
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Publication Details
- npj vaccines, Vol.7(1), 169
- DOI
- 10.1038/s41541-022-00580-z
- PMID
- 36535987
- PMCID
- PMC9762654
- NLM abbreviation
- NPJ Vaccines
- ISSN
- 2059-0105
- eISSN
- 2059-0105
- Grant note
- R01 AI137472 / NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI139092 / NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI157975 / NIAID NIH HHS R01AI157975 / U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health (NIH) R01AI139092 / U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health (NIH) R01AI137472 / U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health (NIH)
- Language
- English
- Date published
- 12/19/2022
- Academic Unit
- Microbiology and Immunology; Stead Family Department of Pediatrics; Iowa Neuroscience Institute; Infectious Disease (Pediatrics)
- Record Identifier
- 9984339315702771
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