Journal article
Effects of Ambient Coarse, Fine, and Ultrafine Particles and Their Biological Constituents on Systemic Biomarkers: A Controlled Human Exposure Study
Environmental health perspectives, Vol.123(6), pp.534-540
06/2015
DOI: 10.1289/ehp.1408387
PMID: 25616223
Abstract
Background: Ambient coarse, fine, and ultrafine particles have been associated with mortality and morbidity. Few studies have compared how various particle size fractions affect systemic biomarkers.
Objectives: We examined changes of blood and urinary biomarkers following exposures to three particle sizes.
Methods: Fifty healthy nonsmoking volunteers, mean age of 28 years, were exposed to coarse (2.5-10 μm; mean, 213 μg/m3) and fine (0.15-2.5 μm; mean, 238 μg/m3) concentrated ambient particles (CAPs), and filtered ambient and/or medical air. Twenty-five participants were exposed to ultrafine CAP (< 0.3 μm; mean, 136 μg/m3) and filtered medical air. Exposures lasted 130 min, separated by ≥ 2 weeks. Blood/urine samples were collected preexposure and 1 hr and 21 hr postexposure to determine blood interleukin-6 and C-reactive protein (inflammation), endothelin-1 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF; vascular mediators), and malondialdehyde (lipid peroxidation); as well as urinary VEGF, 8-hydroxy-deoxy-guanosine (DNA oxidation), and malondialdehyde. Mixed-model regressions assessed pre- and postexposure differences.
Results: One hour postexposure, for every 100-μg/m3 increase, coarse CAP was associated with increased blood VEGF (2.41 pg/mL; 95% CI: 0.41, 4.40) in models adjusted for O3, fine CAP with increased urinary malondialdehyde in single- (0.31 nmol/mg creatinine; 95% CI: 0.02, 0.60) and two-pollutant models, and ultrafine CAP with increased urinary 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine in single- (0.69 ng/mg creatinine; 95% CI: 0.09, 1.29) and two-pollutant models, lasting < 21 hr. Endotoxin was significantly associated with biomarker changes similar to those found with CAPs.
Conclusions: Ambient particles with various sizes/constituents may influence systemic biomarkers differently. Endotoxin in ambient particles may contribute to vascular mediator changes and oxidative stress.
Details
- Title: Subtitle
- Effects of Ambient Coarse, Fine, and Ultrafine Particles and Their Biological Constituents on Systemic Biomarkers: A Controlled Human Exposure Study
- Creators
- Ling Liu - Health CanadaBruce Urch - Gage Occupational and Environmental Health Unit, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, Southern Ontario Centre for Atmospheric Aerosol Research (SOCAAR), Toronto, Ontario, CanadaRaymond Poon - Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, CanadaMieczyslaw Szyszkowicz - Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, CanadaMary Speck - Gage Occupational and Environmental Health Unit, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, CanadaDiane R Gold - Channing Laboratory, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USAAmanda J Wheeler - Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, Centre for Ecosystem Management, School of Natural Science, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, AustraliaJames A Scott - Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, CanadaJeffrey R Brook - Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, Environment Canada, Toronto, Ontario, CanadaPeter S Thorne - University of Iowa, Civil and Environmental EngineeringFrances S Silverman - Gage Occupational and Environmental Health Unit, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, Southern Ontario Centre for Atmospheric Aerosol Research (SOCAAR), Toronto, Ontario, Canada, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Publication Details
- Environmental health perspectives, Vol.123(6), pp.534-540
- Publisher
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences
- DOI
- 10.1289/ehp.1408387
- PMID
- 25616223
- ISSN
- 0091-6765
- eISSN
- 1552-9924
- Language
- English
- Date published
- 06/2015
- Academic Unit
- Civil and Environmental Engineering; Occupational and Environmental Health
- Record Identifier
- 9984001798702771
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