Journal article
Effects of Cotrimoxazole Prophylactic Treatment on Adverse Health Outcomes Among HIV-exposed, Uninfected Infants
The Pediatric infectious disease journal, Vol.31(8), pp.842-847
08/01/2012
DOI: 10.1097/INF.0b013e31825c124a
PMCID: 3914144
PMID: 22801093
Abstract
Background: The World Health Organization guidelines recommend cotrimoxazole prophylactic treatment (CPT) for all HIV-exposed infants from age 6 weeks to the cessation of breastfeeding and the exclusion of HIV infection. There are limited data on the effects of CPT among this population of infants. We examined the effects of CPT on adverse health outcomes among HIV-exposed infants during the first 36 weeks of life using data from the Breastfeeding, Antiretrovirals and Nutrition study, a large clinical trial of antiretroviral drugs given to the mother or infant for the prevention of HIV transmission during breastfeeding.
Methods: For the analysis, we assigned a status of CPT-exposed to infants who were participating in the study after the CPT program started. We estimated unadjusted and adjusted hazard ratios for the effect of CPT status on time to incident malaria, severe illness or death, anemia, and weight-for-age Z score < -2.0. Participation in the study was limited to focus exclusively on HIV-exposed, uninfected infants.
Results: The hazard ratio for the effect of CPT on incident malaria was 0.35 (95% confidence interval: 0.21, 0.57) during the first 10 weeks of CPT exposure and 0.93 (95% confidence interval: 0.67, 1.29) for the remaining 20 weeks. CPT was not associated with the other outcomes examined.
Conclusions: CPT offered temporary protection against malaria among HIV-exposed, uninfected infants. However, CPT offered no protection against anemia, low weight for age or the collapsed outcome of severe illness or death.
Details
- Title: Subtitle
- Effects of Cotrimoxazole Prophylactic Treatment on Adverse Health Outcomes Among HIV-exposed, Uninfected Infants
- Creators
- Anna Dow - University of North Carolina at Chapel HillDumbani Kayira - University of North Carolina at Chapel HillMichael Hudgens - University of North Carolina at Chapel HillAnnelies Van Rie - University of North Carolina at Chapel HillCaroline C. King - Centers for Disease Control and PreventionSascha Ellington - Centers for Disease Control and PreventionAthena Kourtis - Centers for Disease Control and PreventionAbigail Norris Turner - The Ohio State UniversitySteven Meshnick - University of North Carolina at Chapel HillZebrone Kacheche - University of North Carolina at Chapel HillDenise J. Jamieson - Centers for Disease Control and PreventionCharles Chasela - University of North Carolina at Chapel HillCharles van der Horst - University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Publication Details
- The Pediatric infectious disease journal, Vol.31(8), pp.842-847
- DOI
- 10.1097/INF.0b013e31825c124a
- PMID
- 22801093
- PMCID
- 3914144
- NLM abbreviation
- Pediatr Infect Dis J
- ISSN
- 0891-3668
- eISSN
- 1532-0987
- Publisher
- Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
- Number of pages
- 6
- Grant note
- U48DP000059 / NATIONAL CENTER FOR CHRONIC DISEASE PREV AND HEALTH PROMO; United States Department of Health & Human Services; Centers for Disease Control & Prevention - USA Elizabeth Glaser Pediatric AIDS Foundation Call USAID; United States Agency for International Development (USAID) NIAID P30-AI50410 / National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases; United States Department of Health & Human Services; National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; NIH National Institute of Allergy & Infectious Diseases (NIAID) UNICEF D43TW001039 / FOGARTY INTERNATIONAL CENTER; United States Department of Health & Human Services; National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; NIH Fogarty International Center (FIC) World Food Programme SIP 13-01 U48-CCU409660-09; SIP 26-04 U48-DP000059-01; SIP 22-09 U48-DP001944-01 / Prevention Research Centers Special Interest Project of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Johnson and Johnson; Johnson & Johnson; Johnson & Johnson USA DHHS/NIH/FIC 2-D43 Tw01039-06 / NIH Fogarty AIDS International Training and Research Program Malawi Ministry of Health P30AI050410 / NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ALLERGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES; United States Department of Health & Human Services; National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; NIH National Institute of Allergy & Infectious Diseases (NIAID) P30-AI50410 / University of North Carolina Center for AIDS Research
- Language
- English
- Date published
- 08/01/2012
- Academic Unit
- Obstetrics and Gynecology; VPMA - Administration
- Record Identifier
- 9984446068002771
Metrics
9 Record Views