Journal article
Effects of gel-like carbon dots (G-CDs) and surfactant (Span80) on the droplet combustion dynamics of liquid fuels
Fuel (Guildford), Vol.381, 133385
02/01/2025
DOI: 10.1016/j.fuel.2024.133385
Abstract
•G-CDs boost combustion rates up to 20.00% in Dodecane and Jet-A at 0.075–0.10% w/w.•Combustion rates decrease beyond 0.50% w/w due to G-CDs aggregation.•Puffing intensity and frequency rise linearly with G-CDs concentration, impacting combustion.•G-CDs enhance combustion in liquid fuels, with puffing dominating in multi-component fuels.
This study investigates the effect of gel-like carbon dots (G-CDs) on the droplet combustion behavior of single-component (Dodecane) and multi-component (Jet-A) fuels using the suspended droplet method. G-CDs were added at concentrations ranging from 0.01% to 1.00% w/w to assess the influence of particle concentration and small G-CD size (∼3.00 nm) on combustion dynamics. A concentration-dependent, non-linear effect was observed on combustion rate and pre-ignition time. At concentrations ≤0.10% w/w, significant improvements in both combustion rate and pre-ignition time were noted for both fuels. In single-component fuel, the highest combustion rate increase (16.46%) occurred at 0.10% w/w, with the greatest reduction in pre-ignition time (10.19%) at 0.075% w/w. For multi-component fuel, the highest increase in combustion rate (16.46%) was also seen at 0.10% w/w, with pre-ignition time reduced by 8.38% at 0.05% w/w. Beyond 0.50% w/w, combustion rate declined due to nanoparticle aggregation, with a 5.00% reduction at 1.00% w/w. G-CDs intensified puffing in multi-component fuels, with puffing intensity and frequency following a linear trend with particle concentration, significantly increasing above 0.10% w/w. In single-component fuel, combustion was primarily influenced by the improved heat absorption, heat transfer, and nanoparticle aggregation. However, in multi-component fuel, puffing played a more significant role. Surfactant effect was also evaluated, with low concentrations (up to 0.50% w/w) stabilizing the fuel without significantly affecting combustion. At higher concentration (2.50% w/w), intense puffing increased the combustion rate by 15.00%. Overall, this study highlights the potential of G-CDs to significantly influence combustion behavior of liquid fuel and offers valuable preliminary insights into their application in combustion systems.
Details
- Title: Subtitle
- Effects of gel-like carbon dots (G-CDs) and surfactant (Span80) on the droplet combustion dynamics of liquid fuels
- Creators
- A S M Sazzad Parveg - University of IowaYiqun Zhou - C-Dots LLC, Miami, FL 33136, USARoger M. Leblanc - University of MiamiAlbert Ratner - Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, IA 52242, USA
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Publication Details
- Fuel (Guildford), Vol.381, 133385
- Publisher
- Elsevier Ltd
- DOI
- 10.1016/j.fuel.2024.133385
- ISSN
- 0016-2361
- eISSN
- 1873-7153
- Grant note
- American Transportation Center (MATC) grant with USDOT UTC: 69A3551747107
This work was done with support of the KBIH Foundation and the US government through the US Department of Transportation via a Mid-American Transportation Center (MATC) grant with USDOT UTC under grant number 69A3551747107.
- Language
- English
- Date published
- 02/01/2025
- Academic Unit
- Mechanical Engineering
- Record Identifier
- 9984736599302771
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