Journal article
Effortful Control in Early Childhood: Continuity and Change, Antecedents, and Implications for Social Development
Developmental psychology, Vol.36(2), pp.220-232
03/2000
DOI: 10.1037/0012-1649.36.2.220
PMID: 10749079
Abstract
The course, antecedents, and implications for social development of effortful control were examined in this comprehensive longitudinal study. Behavioral multitask batteries and parental ratings assessed effortful control at 22 and 33 months (
N
= 106). Effortful control functions encompassed delaying, slowing down motor activity, suppressing/initiating activity to signal, effortful attention, and lowering voice. Between 22 and 33 months, effortful control improved considerably, its coherence increased, it was stable, and it was higher for girls. Behavioral and parent-rated measures converged. Children's focused attention at 9 months, mothers' responsiveness at 22 months, and mothers' self-reported socialization level all predicted children's greater effortful control. Effortful control had implications for concurrent social development. Greater effortful control at 22 months was linked to more regulated anger, and at 33 months, to more regulated anger and joy and to stronger restraint.
Details
- Title: Subtitle
- Effortful Control in Early Childhood: Continuity and Change, Antecedents, and Implications for Social Development
- Creators
- Grazyna Kochanska - Department of Psychology, University of IowaKathleen T Murray - Department of Psychology, University of IowaElena T Harlan - Department of Psychology, University of Iowa
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Publication Details
- Developmental psychology, Vol.36(2), pp.220-232
- Publisher
- American Psychological Association
- DOI
- 10.1037/0012-1649.36.2.220
- PMID
- 10749079
- ISSN
- 0012-1649
- eISSN
- 1939-0599
- Language
- English
- Date published
- 03/2000
- Academic Unit
- Psychological and Brain Sciences
- Record Identifier
- 9984213271202771
Metrics
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