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Eggshells valorization from waste materials into highly efficient hydroxyapatite catalyst for methane dry reforming reaction
Journal article   Open access   Peer reviewed

Eggshells valorization from waste materials into highly efficient hydroxyapatite catalyst for methane dry reforming reaction

Hanaa Hassini, Sabrina Bahia Karakache, Leonard MacGillivray and Inès Esma Achouri
Fuel (Guildford), Vol.428(Part C), 140245
01/15/2027
DOI: 10.1016/j.fuel.2026.140245
url
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2026.140245View
Published (Version of record) Open Access

Abstract

Low-temperature synthesis of eggshell-derived hydroxyapatite.•First use of eggshell hydroxyapatite as a catalyst.•High CH4 and CO2 conversions with excellent stability at Ca/P = 1.67.•Enhanced coke resistance from high surface area and abundant basic sites. In recent years, sustainable and circular approaches to material synthesis and catalysis have gained significant interest. This study introduces an innovative and patented hydroxyapatite (HAP) formulation, synthesized from waste eggshells through a low-temperature route, and used as a catalyst support in dry reforming of methane (DRM). Four formulations were developed by varying theoretical Ca/P ratios (1.47 and 1.67) and synthesis temperatures (40 °C and 60 °C) to evaluate their impact on catalytic performance. All catalysts exhibited high CH4 conversion (>90%), while CO2 conversion and syngas selectivity varied depending on synthesis conditions. The Ca/P = 1.67 sample synthesized at 60 °C showed the best performance, combining high CO2 and CH4 conversion and stability. This was attributed to favorable surface properties, including an abundance of acid sites for Ni dispersion and basic sites that enhance CO2 adsorption and carbon removal.
 Dry reforming Eggshells Hydrogen Hydroxyapatite Nickel Syngas

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