Electrophysiology of the Human Superior Temporal Sulcus during Speech Processing

Kirill V Nourski; Mitchell Steinschneider; Ariane E Rhone; Christopher K Kovach; Matthew I Banks; Bryan M Krause; Hiroto Kawasaki; Matthew A Howard III

doi:10.1093/cercor/bhaa281

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Electrophysiology of the Human Superior Temporal Sulcus during Speech Processing

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Electrophysiology of the Human Superior Temporal Sulcus during Speech Processing

Kirill V Nourski, Mitchell Steinschneider, Ariane E Rhone, Christopher K Kovach, Matthew I Banks, Bryan M Krause, Hiroto Kawasaki and Matthew A Howard III

Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. 1991), Vol.31(2), pp.1131-1148

01/05/2021

DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhaa281

PMCID: PMC7786351

PMID: 33063098

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https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7786351View

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Abstract

The superior temporal sulcus (STS) is a crucial hub for speech perception and can be studied with high spatiotemporal resolution using electrodes targeting mesial temporal structures in epilepsy patients. Goals of the current study were to clarify functional distinctions between the upper (STSU) and the lower (STSL) bank, hemispheric asymmetries, and activity during self-initiated speech. Electrophysiologic properties were characterized using semantic categorization and dialog-based tasks. Gamma-band activity and alpha-band suppression were used as complementary measures of STS activation. Gamma responses to auditory stimuli were weaker in STSL compared with STSU and had longer onset latencies. Activity in anterior STS was larger during speaking than listening; the opposite pattern was observed more posteriorly. Opposite hemispheric asymmetries were found for alpha suppression in STSU and STSL. Alpha suppression in the STS emerged earlier than in core auditory cortex, suggesting feedback signaling within the auditory cortical hierarchy. STSL was the only region where gamma responses to words presented in the semantic categorization tasks were larger in subjects with superior task performance. More pronounced alpha suppression was associated with better task performance in Heschl’s gyrus, superior temporal gyrus, and STS. Functional differences between STSU and STSL warrant their separate assessment in future studies. alpha suppression, auditory cortex, gamma activity, intracranial electrophysiology

Details

Title: Subtitle: Electrophysiology of the Human Superior Temporal Sulcus during Speech Processing
Creators: Kirill V Nourski - University of Iowa, Neurosurgery
Mitchell Steinschneider - University of Iowa, Neurosurgery
Ariane E Rhone - University of Iowa, Neurosurgery
Christopher K Kovach - University of Iowa, Neurosurgery
Matthew I Banks
Bryan M Krause
Hiroto Kawasaki - University of Iowa, Neurosurgery
Matthew A Howard III - University of Iowa, Neurosurgery
Resource Type: Journal article
Publication Details: Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. 1991), Vol.31(2), pp.1131-1148
DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhaa281
PMID: 33063098
PMCID: PMC7786351
NLM abbreviation: Cereb Cortex
eISSN: 1460-2199
Grant note: DOI: 10.13039/100000002, name: National Institutes of Health, award: R01-DC04290, UL1-RR024979
Language: English
Date published: 01/05/2021
Academic Unit: Neurology; Iowa Neuroscience Institute; Neurosurgery; Otolaryngology
Record Identifier: 9984070855102771

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