Journal article
Endocytosis and a Low-pH Step Are Required for Productive Entry of Equine Infectious Anemia Virus
Journal of virology, Vol.79(23), pp.14482-14488
12/2005
DOI: 10.1128/JVI.79.23.14482-14488.2005
PMCID: PMC1287591
PMID: 16282447
Abstract
Recently, it has become evident that entry of some retroviruses into host cells is dependent upon a vesicle-localized, low-pH step. The entry mechanism of equine infectious anemia virus (EIAV) has yet to be examined. Here, we demonstrate that wild-type strains of EIAV require a low-pH step for productive entry. Lysosomotropic agents that inhibit the acidification of internal vesicles inhibited productive entry of EIAV. The presence of ammonium chloride (30 mM), monensin (30 μM), or bafilomycin A (50 nM) in the medium dramatically decreased the number of EIAV antigen-positive cells. We found that a low-pH step was required for EIAV infection of tissue culture cell lines as well as primary cells, such as endothelial cells and monocyte-derived macrophages. The ammonium chloride treatment did not reduce virion stability, nor did the treatment prevent virion binding to cells. Consistent with a requirement for a low-pH step, virion infectivity was enhanced more than threefold by brief low-pH treatment following binding of viral particles to permissive cells. A superinfecting variant strain of EIAV, vMA-1c, did not require a low-pH step for productive infection of fibroblasts. However, lysosomotropic agents were inhibitory to vMA-1c infection in the other cell types that vMA-1c infected but did not superinfect, indicating that the entry pathway used by vMA-1c for superinfection abrogates the need for the low-pH step.
Details
- Title: Subtitle
- Endocytosis and a Low-pH Step Are Required for Productive Entry of Equine Infectious Anemia Virus
- Creators
- Melinda A Brindley - Department of Microbiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242Wendy Maury - Department of Microbiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Publication Details
- Journal of virology, Vol.79(23), pp.14482-14488
- DOI
- 10.1128/JVI.79.23.14482-14488.2005
- PMID
- 16282447
- PMCID
- PMC1287591
- NLM abbreviation
- J Virol
- ISSN
- 0022-538X
- eISSN
- 1098-5514
- Publisher
- American Society for Microbiology
- Language
- English
- Date published
- 12/2005
- Academic Unit
- Microbiology and Immunology
- Record Identifier
- 9984083873402771
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