Journal article
Endotoxin in inner-city homes: Associations with wheeze and eczema in early childhood
Journal of allergy and clinical immunology, Vol.117(5), pp.1082-1089
2006
DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2005.12.1348
PMCID: PMC2040050
PMID: 16675336
Abstract
An inverse association between domestic exposure to endotoxin and atopy in childhood has been observed. The relevance of this aspect of the hygiene hypothesis to US inner-city communities that have disproportionately high asthma prevalence has not been determined.
To measure endotoxin in the dust from inner-city homes, evaluate associations between endotoxin and housing/lifestyle characteristics, and determine whether endotoxin exposure predicted wheeze, allergic rhinitis, and eczema over the first 3 years of life.
As part of an ongoing prospective birth cohort study, children of Dominican and African-American mothers living in New York City underwent repeated questionnaire measures. Dust samples collected from bedroom floors at age 12 or 36 months were assayed for endotoxin.
Among the samples collected from 301 participants' homes, the geometric mean endotoxin concentration (95% CI) was 75.9 EU/mg (66-87), and load was 3892 EU/m
2 (3351-4522). Lower endotoxin concentrations were associated with wet mop cleaning and certain neighborhoods. Endotoxin concentration correlated weakly with cockroach (Bla g 2:
r = 0.22,
P < .001) and mouse (mouse urinary protein:
r = 0.28;
P < .001) allergens in the dust. Children in homes with higher endotoxin concentration were less likely to have eczema at age 1 year (odds ratio, 0.70 [0.53-0.93]) and more likely to wheeze at age 2 years (odds ratio, 1.34 [1.01-1.78]). These associations were stronger among children with a maternal history of asthma.
Endotoxin levels in this inner-city community are similar to those in nonfarm homes elsewhere. In this community, domestic endotoxin exposure was inversely associated with eczema at age 1 year, but positively associated with wheeze at age 2 years.
Endotoxin exposure in the inner-city community may be related to wheeze in the early life; however, given the inverse association seen with eczema, the long-term development of allergic disease is still in question.
Details
- Title: Subtitle
- Endotoxin in inner-city homes: Associations with wheeze and eczema in early childhood
- Creators
- Matthew S Perzanowski - From Columbia's Center for Children's Environmental HealthRachel L Miller - From Columbia's Center for Children's Environmental HealthPeter S Thorne - Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of IowaR. Graham Barr - From Columbia's Center for Children's Environmental HealthAdnan Divjan - Department of Environmental Health SciencesBeverley J Sheares - From Columbia's Center for Children's Environmental HealthRobin S Garfinkel - From Columbia's Center for Children's Environmental HealthFrederica P Perera - From Columbia's Center for Children's Environmental HealthInge F Goldstein - From Columbia's Center for Children's Environmental HealthGinger L Chew - From Columbia's Center for Children's Environmental Health
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Publication Details
- Journal of allergy and clinical immunology, Vol.117(5), pp.1082-1089
- Publisher
- Mosby, Inc
- DOI
- 10.1016/j.jaci.2005.12.1348
- PMID
- 16675336
- PMCID
- PMC2040050
- ISSN
- 0091-6749
- eISSN
- 1097-6825
- Language
- English
- Date published
- 2006
- Academic Unit
- Civil and Environmental Engineering; Occupational and Environmental Health
- Record Identifier
- 9983997449702771
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