Journal article
Environmental certainty influences the neural systems regulating responses to threat and stress
Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews, Vol.131, pp.1037-1055
12/2021
DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.10.014
PMCID: PMC8642312
PMID: 34673111
Abstract
•Overview of neural systems for threat responding through a lens of predictability.•Comparison of extinction and safety conditioning mechanisms.•Effects of stress on extinction and safety conditioning.•Discussion of how control over stress modifies future threat responding.
Flexible calibration of threat responding in accordance with the environment is an adaptive process that allows an animal to avoid harm while also maintaining engagement of other goal-directed actions. This calibration process, referred to as threat response regulation, requires an animal to calculate the probability that a given encounter will result in a threat so they can respond accordingly. Here we review the neural correlates of two highly studied forms of threat response suppression: extinction and safety conditioning. We focus on how relative levels of certainty or uncertainty in the surrounding environment alter the acquisition and application of these processes. We also discuss evidence indicating altered threat response regulation following stress exposure, including enhanced fear conditioning, and disrupted extinction and safety conditioning. To conclude, we discuss research using an animal model of coping that examines the impact of stressor controllability on threat responding, highlighting the potential for previous experiences with control, or other forms of coping, to protect against the effects of future adversity.
Details
- Title: Subtitle
- Environmental certainty influences the neural systems regulating responses to threat and stress
- Creators
- Heidi C Meyer - Boston UniversitySusan Sangha - Purdue University West LafayetteJason J Radley - University of IowaRyan T LaLumiere - University of IowaMichael V Baratta - University of Colorado Boulder
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Publication Details
- Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews, Vol.131, pp.1037-1055
- DOI
- 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.10.014
- PMID
- 34673111
- PMCID
- PMC8642312
- NLM abbreviation
- Neurosci Biobehav Rev
- ISSN
- 0149-7634
- eISSN
- 1873-7528
- Publisher
- Elsevier Ltd
- Grant note
- DOI: 10.13039/100000002, name: National Institutes of Health; DOI: 10.13039/100000025, name: National Institute of Mental Health, award: K99 MH119320, R01 MH050479, R01 MH104384, R01 MH110425, R01 MH119106, R21 MH115673, R21 MH116353
- Language
- English
- Date published
- 12/2021
- Academic Unit
- Psychological and Brain Sciences; Iowa Neuroscience Institute
- Record Identifier
- 9984187040402771
Metrics
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