Journal article
Evidence for Neutrino Emission from X-Ray-bright Active Galactic Nuclei with IceCube
Astrophysical journal. Letters, Vol.1000(1), L26
03/20/2026
DOI: 10.3847/2041-8213/ae4aad
Abstract
Recently, IceCube reported neutrino emission from the Seyfert galaxy NGC 1068. Using 13.1 yr of IceCube data, we present a follow-up search for neutrino sources in the northern sky. NGC 1068 remains the most significant neutrino source among 110 preselected gamma-ray emitters while also being spatially compatible with the most significant location in the northern sky. Its energy spectrum is characterized by an unbroken power-law with spectral index γ = 3.4 ± 0.2. Consistent with previous results, the observed neutrino flux exceeds its gamma-ray counterpart by at least 2 orders of magnitude. Motivated by this disparity and the high X-ray luminosity of the source, we selected 47 X-ray-bright Seyfert galaxies from the Swift/BAT spectroscopic survey that were not included in the list of gamma-ray emitters. When testing this collection for neutrino emission, we observe a 3.3 σ excess from an ensemble of 11 sources, with NGC 1068 excluded from the sample. Our results strengthen the evidence that X-ray-bright cores of active galactic nuclei are neutrino emitters.
Details
- Title: Subtitle
- Evidence for Neutrino Emission from X-Ray-bright Active Galactic Nuclei with IceCube
- Creators
- IceCube CollaborationR Abbasi (Contributor)M Ackermann (Contributor) - Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESYJ Adams (Contributor) - University of CanterburyS K Agarwalla (Contributor) - Institute of Physics, BhubaneshwarJ. A Aguilar (Contributor) - Université Libre de BruxellesM Ahlers (Contributor) - University of CopenhagenJ M Alameddine (Contributor) - TU Dortmund UniversityS Ali (Contributor) - University of KansasN. M Amin (Contributor) - University of DelawareM. Hostert (Contributor) - Harvard University
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Publication Details
- Astrophysical journal. Letters, Vol.1000(1), L26
- DOI
- 10.3847/2041-8213/ae4aad
- ISSN
- 2041-8205
- eISSN
- 2041-8213
- Publisher
- IOP Publishing
- Grant note
- U.S. National Science Foundation-Office of Polar Programs U.S. National Science Foundation-Physics Division U.S. National Science Foundation-EPSCoR Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation Center for High Throughput Computing (CHTC) at the University of Wisconsin-Madison Open Science Grid (OSG) Extreme Science and Engineering Discovery Environment (XSEDE) Frontera computing project at the Texas Advanced Computing Center Particle astrophysics research computing center at the University of Maryland Institute for Cyber-Enabled Research at Michigan State University Astroparticle physics computational facility at Marquette University Funds for Scientific Research (FRS-FNRS) Funds for Scientific Research (FWO) FWO Odysseus programme FWO Big Science programme Belgian Federal Science Policy Office (Belspo) Bundesministerium fur Bildung und Forschung (BMBF) Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) Helmholtz Alliance for Astroparticle Physics (HAP) Initiative and Networking Fund of the Helmholtz Association Deutsches Elektronen Synchrotron (DESY) High Performance Computing cluster of the RWTH Aachen Swedish Research Council Swedish Polar Research Secretariat Swedish National Infrastructure for Computing (SNIC) Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation Australian Research Council Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada Calcul Quebec Compute Ontario Canada Foundation for Innovation WestGrid Compute Canada Villum Fonden Carlsberg Foundation New Zealand Marsden Fund Japan Society for Promotion of Science (JSPS) Institute for Global Prominent Research (IGPR) of Chiba University National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF)
The IceCube collaboration acknowledges the significant contributions to this manuscript from Chiara Bellenghi, Tomas Kontrimas, and Elena Manao. The authors gratefully acknowledge the support from the following agencies and institutions. USA-U.S. National Science Foundation Office of Polar Programs, U.S. National Science Foundation Physics Division, U.S. National Science Foundation EPSCoR, U.S. National Science Foundation Office of Advanced Cyberinfrastructure, Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation, Center for High Throughput Computing (CHTC) at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, Open Science Grid (OSG), Partnership to Advance Throughput Computing (PATh), Advanced Cyberinfrastructure Coordination Ecosystem: Services & Support (ACCESS), Frontera computing project at the Texas Advanced Computing Center, U.S. Department of Energy National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center, particle astrophysics research computing center at the University of Maryland, Institute for Cyber-Enabled Research at Michigan State University, astroparticle physics computational facility at Marquette University, NVIDIA Corporation, and Google Cloud Platform. Belgium-Funds for Scientific Research (FRS-FNRS and FWO), FWO Odysseus and Big Science programs, and Belgian Federal Science Policy Office (Belspo). Germany-Bundesministerium fur Bildung und Forschung (BMBF), Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG), Helmholtz Alliance for Astroparticle Physics (HAP), Initiative and Networking Fund of the Helmholtz Association, Deutsches Elektronen Synchrotron (DESY), and High Performance Computing cluster of the RWTH Aachen. Sweden-Swedish Research Council, Swedish Polar Research Secretariat, Swedish National Infrastructure for Computing (SNIC), and Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation. European Union-EGI advanced computing for research. Australia-Australian Research Council. Canada-Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, Calcul Quebec, Compute Ontario, Canada Foundation for Innovation, WestGrid, and Digital Research Alliance of Canada. Denmark-Villum Fonden, Carlsberg Foundation, and European Commission. New Zealand-Marsden Fund. Japan-Japan Society for Promotion of Science (JSPS) and Institute for Global Prominent Research (IGPR) of Chiba University. Korea-National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF). Switzerland-Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF).
- Language
- English
- Date published
- 03/20/2026
- Academic Unit
- Physics and Astronomy
- Record Identifier
- 9985147012602771
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